Broad Institute

Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard was launched in 2004 to empower this generation of creative scientists to transform medicine. The Broad Institute seeks to describe all the molecular components of life and their connections; discover the molecular basis of major human diseases; develop effective new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics; and disseminate discoveries, tools, methods, and data openly to the entire scientific community.
Founded by MIT, Harvard, Harvard-affiliated hospitals, and the visionary Los Angeles philanthropists Eli and Edythe L. Broad, the Broad Institute includes faculty, professional staff, and students from throughout the MIT and Harvard biomedical research communities and beyond, with collaborations spanning over a hundred private and public institutions in more than 40 countries worldwide. For further information about the Broad Institute, go to http://www.broadinstitute.org.
The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard has been awarded one of two research subcontracts by Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., which operates the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research. The subcontract is for a Cancer Model Development Center (CMDC), which will produce 150 patient-derived cancer cell models as part of the Human Cancer Models Initiative (HCMI). The HCMI is an international collaboration between the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom (UK), Cancer Research UK, and the Hubrecht Organoid Technology foundation in the Netherlands to build approximately 1,000 new genomically characterized, clinically annotated cancer organoid and cancer cell models that can be easily accessed by researchers worldwide to propel the development of new treatments.


Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard was launched in 2004 to empower this generation of creative scientists to transform medicine. The Broad Institute seeks to describe all the molecular components of life and their connections; discover the molecular basis of major human diseases; develop effective new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics; and disseminate discoveries, tools, methods, and data openly to the entire scientific community.

Founded by MIT, Harvard, Harvard-affiliated hospitals, and the visionary Los Angeles philanthropists Eli and Edythe L. Broad, the Broad Institute includes faculty, professional staff, and students from throughout the MIT and Harvard biomedical research communities and beyond, with collaborations spanning over a hundred private and public institutions in more than 40 countries worldwide. For further information about the Broad Institute, go to http://www.broadinstitute.org.

The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard has been awarded one of two research subcontracts by Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., which operates the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research. The subcontract is for a Cancer Model Development Center (CMDC), which will produce 150 patient-derived cancer cell models as part of the Human Cancer Models Initiative (HCMI). The HCMI is an international collaboration between the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom (UK), Cancer Research UK, and the Hubrecht Organoid Technology foundation in the Netherlands to build approximately 1,000 new genomically characterized, clinically annotated cancer organoid and cancer cell models that can be easily accessed by researchers worldwide to propel the development of new treatments.


The Childhood Cancer Repository

The Childhood Cancer Repository, powered by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, is a resource laboratory of the Children's Oncology Group. The laboratory is located at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Lubbock, TX and is under the direction of C Patrick Reynolds, MD PhD. The repository is generously supported by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation. Support for the animal facilities used by the repository is provided by the Cancer Prevention &#x26; Research Institute of Texas. Support for genomic and biological characterization of cell lines and PDXs in the repository comes from the National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense.
With the exception of legacy cell lines established many years ago, all cell lines and PDXs banked in cccells.org are obtained via clinical protocols (mostly COG) with informed consent/assent. Patient confidentiality is a prime concern and cell lines and PDXs receive designators that enables linkage to key data but not directly to any patient. The one exception to this are those cell lines and PDXs established from patients at post-mortem, which (if requested by the parents) are provided a unique name of the parents' choosing.
The goal of the repository is to provide validated cell lines and PDXs from childhood cancers to all investigators seeking to carry out biological and pre-clinical therapeutic studies of childhood cancer. Every cell line or PDX provided by the repository is validated as to patient of origin by short tandem repeat (STR) assay, and to be free of mycoplasma and EBV. PDXs are validated to be free of a panel of viral pathogens as required by most animal use committees. Cell lines and PDXs are validated to be able to grow continuously and be sub-passable for additional studies. The repository maintains a searchable STR database to facilitate validation of cell line and PDX molecular identity by any investigator. Thus, the repository enables all investigators studying childhood cancer to share the same validated models so that data obtained are robust and can be compared between laboratories.


The Childhood Cancer Repository, powered by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation, is a resource laboratory of the Children's Oncology Group. The laboratory is located at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Lubbock, TX and is under the direction of C Patrick Reynolds, MD PhD. The repository is generously supported by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation. Support for the animal facilities used by the repository is provided by the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas. Support for genomic and biological characterization of cell lines and PDXs in the repository comes from the National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense.

With the exception of legacy cell lines established many years ago, all cell lines and PDXs banked in cccells.org are obtained via clinical protocols (mostly COG) with informed consent/assent. Patient confidentiality is a prime concern and cell lines and PDXs receive designators that enables linkage to key data but not directly to any patient. The one exception to this are those cell lines and PDXs established from patients at post-mortem, which (if requested by the parents) are provided a unique name of the parents' choosing.

The goal of the repository is to provide validated cell lines and PDXs from childhood cancers to all investigators seeking to carry out biological and pre-clinical therapeutic studies of childhood cancer. Every cell line or PDX provided by the repository is validated as to patient of origin by short tandem repeat (STR) assay, and to be free of mycoplasma and EBV. PDXs are validated to be free of a panel of viral pathogens as required by most animal use committees. Cell lines and PDXs are validated to be able to grow continuously and be sub-passable for additional studies. The repository maintains a searchable STR database to facilitate validation of cell line and PDX molecular identity by any investigator. Thus, the repository enables all investigators studying childhood cancer to share the same validated models so that data obtained are robust and can be compared between laboratories.



Children's Cancer Institute

Professor Lock's group at the Children's Cancer Institute (Sydney, Australia) is one of the consortium member and the principal focus of the group is to study the development and utilization of orthotopic patient-derived PDX models of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) to study the biology and treatment of these diseases. Professor Lock's laboratory has developed approximately one hundred patient-derived PDX models that encompass high-risk pediatric ALL subtypes, and these models are considered to be highly reflective of the clinical disease state. The PDX models have been utilized to study mechanisms of resistance to conventional drugs, as well as to prioritize new drugs for clinical trials in relapsed/refractory pediatric ALL, and they will be used by the Lock laboratory in testing novel anti-leukemia agents through the PIVOT. ... <a href="https://www.ccia.org.au/blood-cancers/leukaemia-biology">Read more</a>


Professor Lock's group at the Children's Cancer Institute (Sydney, Australia) is one of the consortium member and the principal focus of the group is to study the development and utilization of orthotopic patient-derived PDX models of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) to study the biology and treatment of these diseases. Professor Lock's laboratory has developed approximately one hundred patient-derived PDX models that encompass high-risk pediatric ALL subtypes, and these models are considered to be highly reflective of the clinical disease state. The PDX models have been utilized to study mechanisms of resistance to conventional drugs, as well as to prioritize new drugs for clinical trials in relapsed/refractory pediatric ALL, and they will be used by the Lock laboratory in testing novel anti-leukemia agents through the PIVOT. ... [Read more](https://www.ccia.org.au/blood-cancers/leukaemia-biology)


The Cancer Discovery Hub

The <a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/">Cancer Discovery Hub</a> (CDH) is a one-stop pan-omics diagnostic and research core laboratory housed at <a href="https://www.nccs.com.sg/">the National Cancer Centre Singapore</a>. We specialise in state-of-the-art research-grade technologies and provide expert support to investigators on all cancer related projects.
The <a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/">Cancer Discovery Hub</a> strives to be at the forefront of cutting-edge cancer research, enabling preclinical therapeutic development and supporting clinical trials for biomarker discovery. Our flagship research programmes include:
<ul>
<li>“<a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/panomics">Integrative Pan-omics and Biomarker Discovery</a>” – enabling the seamless interrogation of the genome, transcriptome, immunome, epigenome and metagenome. Emerging single-cell and spatial omic platforms (e.g. 10X Chromium and Visium) are also in active deployment.</li>
<li>“<a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/projectprescient">Project PRESCIENT</a>” is our pre- and early-cancer detection programme aimed at developing novel assays to discover biomarkers in liquid specimens, including cell-free DNA methylation signatures.</li>
<li>"<a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/pmac">PMAC Catalog</a>” houses an ever-growing collection of patient-derived models of Asian cancers, including mice xenografts, cell-lines and organoids for tumour modeling and drug screening. Patient-derived tumour models retain the genomic and phenotypic profiles of their original tumours and are thus excellent tools for understanding the molecular pathobiology of cancers and for pre-clinical drug testing.</li>
<li>"<a href="https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/starlightinitiative">STARLIGHT Initiative</a>” is a translational research program aiming to comprehensively investigate the molecular and immune pathobiology of rare cancers, with particular interest in profiling their clinically-actionable target landscape for precision therapy. By “Steering Translational Rare Cancer Research into the Light”, the initiative hopes to increase the molecular understanding of rare cancers and eventually improve clinical outcomes of this group of diseases with unmet clinical need.</li>
</ul>
Our laboratory is able to provide integrated clinical and technical input from expert clinicians and scientists from our partner institutions. For all service collaborations, we encourage an initial discussion on study feasibility, experimental design, manpower requirements, project costs, specific needs and deeper collaboration opportunities.


The [Cancer Discovery Hub](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/) (CDH) is a one-stop pan-omics diagnostic and research core laboratory housed at [the National Cancer Centre Singapore](https://www.nccs.com.sg/). We specialise in state-of-the-art research-grade technologies and provide expert support to investigators on all cancer related projects.

The [Cancer Discovery Hub](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/) strives to be at the forefront of cutting-edge cancer research, enabling preclinical therapeutic development and supporting clinical trials for biomarker discovery. Our flagship research programmes include:

- “[Integrative Pan-omics and Biomarker Discovery](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/panomics)” – enabling the seamless interrogation of the genome, transcriptome, immunome, epigenome and metagenome. Emerging single-cell and spatial omic platforms (e.g. 10X Chromium and Visium) are also in active deployment.
- “[Project PRESCIENT](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/projectprescient)” is our pre- and early-cancer detection programme aimed at developing novel assays to discover biomarkers in liquid specimens, including cell-free DNA methylation signatures.
- "[PMAC Catalog](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/pmac)” houses an ever-growing collection of patient-derived models of Asian cancers, including mice xenografts, cell-lines and organoids for tumour modeling and drug screening. Patient-derived tumour models retain the genomic and phenotypic profiles of their original tumours and are thus excellent tools for understanding the molecular pathobiology of cancers and for pre-clinical drug testing.
- "[STARLIGHT Initiative](https://www.cancerdiscoveryhub.com/starlightinitiative)”  is a translational research program aiming to comprehensively investigate the molecular and immune pathobiology of rare cancers, with particular interest in profiling their clinically-actionable target landscape for precision therapy. By “Steering Translational Rare Cancer Research into the Light”, the initiative hopes to increase the molecular understanding of rare cancers and eventually improve clinical outcomes of this group of diseases with unmet clinical need.

Our laboratory is able to provide integrated clinical and technical input from expert clinicians and scientists from our partner institutions. For all service collaborations, we encourage an initial discussion on study feasibility, experimental design, manpower requirements, project costs, specific needs and deeper collaboration opportunities.

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Dr. Maris' laboratory is responsible for neuroblastoma testing within the PIVOT consortium. Children with disseminated neuroblastoma are at high risk of treatment failure and death despite chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. At the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the goal of the Maris Laboratory is to improve neuroblastoma cure rates by developing patient-specific therapies targeting the unique oncogenic drivers of each case. Its work concentrates on the potential of biomarker-directed therapeutics by performing the pivotal preclinical studies that enhance the ability of childhood cancer researchers to design early phase clinical trials enriched for patients with high potential to benefit. The ultimate goal is to shift the paradigm for how high-risk neuroblastoma patients are treated with the goal of substantively improving the outcomes for cure rates and a decrease in the toxicity associated with current standards of care. ...<a href="http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/cancer-center">Read more</a>


Dr. Maris' laboratory is responsible for neuroblastoma testing within the PIVOT consortium. Children with disseminated neuroblastoma are at high risk of treatment failure and death despite chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. At the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the goal of the Maris Laboratory is to improve neuroblastoma cure rates by developing patient-specific therapies targeting the unique oncogenic drivers of each case. Its work concentrates on the potential of biomarker-directed therapeutics by performing the pivotal preclinical studies that enhance the ability of childhood cancer researchers to design early phase clinical trials enriched for patients with high potential to benefit. The ultimate goal is to shift the paradigm for how high-risk neuroblastoma patients are treated with the goal of substantively improving the outcomes for cure rates and a decrease in the toxicity associated with current standards of care. ...[Read more](http://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/cancer-center)


Cell Model Passports

The <a href="https://cellmodelpassports.sanger.ac.uk/">Cell Model Passports</a> is the data hub of the <a href="https://depmap.sanger.ac.uk/">Cancer Dependency Map</a> at <a href="https://www.sanger.ac.uk/">The Wellcome Sanger Institute</a>. This project aims to identify vulnerabilities in every cancer cell which could be exploited to develop new therapies. The Cancer Dependency Map is a strategic collaboration between the Wellcome Sanger Institute (Cambridge, UK) and the <a href="https://www.broadinstitute.org/">Broad Institute</a> (Boston, USA).
The Cell Model Passports contains genomic and functional datasets as well as curated patient and sample information for over 1500 cancer cell models. The majority of models within the resource have undergone extensive characterisation including: sequencing, copy number, methylation, gene expression, drug and genetic perturbation. These datasets support researchers to understand the relationships between genetic alterations and subsequent vulnerabilities allowing the identification of novel drug targets and genetic markers for patient selection.


The [Cell Model Passports](https://cellmodelpassports.sanger.ac.uk/) is the data hub of the [Cancer Dependency Map](https://depmap.sanger.ac.uk/) at [The Wellcome Sanger Institute](https://www.sanger.ac.uk/). This project aims to identify vulnerabilities in every cancer cell which could be exploited to develop new therapies. The Cancer Dependency Map is a strategic collaboration between the Wellcome Sanger Institute (Cambridge, UK) and the [Broad Institute](https://www.broadinstitute.org/) (Boston, USA).

The Cell Model Passports contains genomic and functional datasets as well as curated patient and sample information for over 1500 cancer cell models. The majority of models within the resource have undergone extensive characterisation including: sequencing, copy number, methylation, gene expression, drug and genetic perturbation. These datasets support researchers to understand the relationships between genetic alterations and subsequent vulnerabilities allowing the identification of novel drug targets and genetic markers for patient selection.


Charles River Laboratories

Charles River offers more than 450 fully characterized proprietary patient-derived PDXs (PDX Models) in our portfolio, which represent all major histotypes and tumors, and provide extensive background and characterization.
By leveraging the wealth of information that we have on each tumor model, we can help you with your study and provide suggested patient-derived PDX (PDX models) to test. We currently have more than 450 fully characterized proprietary patient-derived PDXs in our portfolio, which represent all major histotypes and tumors, and provide extensive background and characterization.
Our PDX Model portfolio includes:
<ul>
<li>Subcutaneous, <a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/orthotopic-models">orthotopic</a>, and disseminated models of cancer</li>
<li>Extensive molecular and pharmacological characterization, and complete records on patients‘ pretreatment</li>
<li>Integrated approach using the same PDX models and/or the corresponding cell line</li>
<li>Integrated approach using the same PDX models and/or the corresponding cell line</li>
<li><a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vitro-biology/vitro-oncology-assays/2d-assays">2D</a>/<a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/in-vitro-assays/oncology/3d-assays">3D</a> screening assays and subsequent PDX in vivo efficacy studies</li>
<li>Identification of biomarkers, which predicts tumor sensitivity of compounds</li>
<li>PDX Model platform using <a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/humanized-mice-tumor-studies">humanized mice</a> in standard or <a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/single-mouse-trials">single mouse trial</a> format (SMT)</li>
</ul>
Constant addition of new PDX models, which are continuously established through international collaborations with major hospitals and universities. <a href="https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/patient-derived-PDXs-pdx">... Read more</a>


Charles River offers more than 450 fully characterized proprietary patient-derived PDXs (PDX Models) in our portfolio, which represent all major histotypes and tumors, and provide extensive background and characterization.

By leveraging the wealth of information that we have on each tumor model, we can help you with your study and provide suggested patient-derived PDX (PDX models) to test. We currently have more than 450 fully characterized proprietary patient-derived PDXs in our portfolio, which represent all major histotypes and tumors, and provide extensive background and characterization.

Our PDX Model portfolio includes:

- Subcutaneous, [orthotopic](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/orthotopic-models), and disseminated models of cancer
- Extensive molecular and pharmacological characterization, and complete records on patients‘ pretreatment
- Integrated approach using the same PDX models and/or the corresponding cell line
- Integrated approach using the same PDX models and/or the corresponding cell line
- [2D](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vitro-biology/vitro-oncology-assays/2d-assays)/[3D](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/in-vitro-assays/oncology/3d-assays) screening assays and subsequent PDX in vivo efficacy studies
- Identification of biomarkers, which predicts tumor sensitivity of compounds
- PDX Model platform using [humanized mice](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/humanized-mice-tumor-studies) in standard or [single mouse trial](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/single-mouse-trials) format (SMT)

Constant addition of new PDX models, which are continuously established through international collaborations with major hospitals and universities. [... Read more](https://www.criver.com/products-services/discovery-services/vivo-pharmacology/oncology-pharmacology-models/patient-derived-PDXs-pdx)


Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has been awarded a research subcontract by Leidos Biomedical Research to lead a Cancer Model Development Center (CMDC) for pancreatic, breast, colorectal, lung, liver and other upper-gastrointestinal cancers.
The project is 100% supported by U.S. federal funds (NCI Contract No. HHSN261201500003I, Task Order Number HHSN26100008).
CSHL Cancer Center Director <a href="https://www.cshl.edu/research/faculty-staff/david-tuveson/">Dr. David Tuveson</a> and CSHL Research Director Dr. David Spector will lead the multinational collaborative effort with Dr. Hans Clevers of the Hubrecht Institute, Dr. Aldo Scarpa and Dr. Vincenzo Corbo of the ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer at the University of Verona, Italy, and Dr. James Crawford of Northwell Health and Dr. Peter Gregersen of Northwell’s Feinstein Institute for Medical Research.
Under the contract, the CSHL-led CMDC will establish up to 150 organoid models in one and a half years, contributing to a larger international effort to generate 1,000 new cancer models. The Human Cancer Model Initiative (HCMI) was announced in July 2016 by the National Cancer Institute, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom (UK), Cancer Research UK, and the foundation Hubrecht Organoid Technology. As part of NCI’s Precision Medicine Initiative in Oncology, this new project is timed to take advantage of the latest cell culture and genomic sequencing techniques to create models that are representative of patient tumors and annotated with genomic and clinical information. This effort is a first step toward learning how to use these tools to design individualized treatments.
Dr. Tuveson, the project’s principal investigator, led an effort to develop pancreas cancer organoids, establishing CSHL as an instructional site offering courses in organoid development to the professional scientific community worldwide. Organoids can be established from healthy human tissue as well as from a variety of tumor tissue types. The power of the organoid is that it faithfully recapitulates the tissue from which it is derived. It can be genetically manipulated using technologies like shRNA (short-hairpin RNA) that can turn genes on and off, or the revolutionary gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. Moreover, organoid models are amenable to drug screening approaches so they can be used to validate therapeutics.


Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has been awarded a research subcontract by Leidos Biomedical Research to lead a Cancer Model Development Center (CMDC) for pancreatic, breast, colorectal, lung, liver and other upper-gastrointestinal cancers.

The project is 100% supported by U.S. federal funds (NCI Contract No. HHSN261201500003I, Task Order Number HHSN26100008).

CSHL Cancer Center Director [Dr. David Tuveson](https://www.cshl.edu/research/faculty-staff/david-tuveson/) and CSHL Research Director Dr. David Spector will lead the multinational collaborative effort with Dr. Hans Clevers of the Hubrecht Institute, Dr. Aldo Scarpa and Dr. Vincenzo Corbo of the ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer at the University of Verona, Italy, and Dr. James Crawford of Northwell Health and Dr. Peter Gregersen of Northwell’s Feinstein Institute for Medical Research.

Under the contract, the CSHL-led CMDC will establish up to 150 organoid models in one and a half years, contributing to a larger international effort to generate 1,000 new cancer models. The Human Cancer Model Initiative (HCMI) was announced in July 2016 by the National Cancer Institute, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom (UK), Cancer Research UK, and the foundation Hubrecht Organoid Technology. As part of NCI’s Precision Medicine Initiative in Oncology, this new project is timed to take advantage of the latest cell culture and genomic sequencing techniques to create models that are representative of patient tumors and annotated with genomic and clinical information. This effort is a first step toward learning how to use these tools to design individualized treatments.

Dr. Tuveson, the project’s principal investigator, led an effort to develop pancreas cancer organoids, establishing CSHL as an instructional site offering courses in organoid development to the professional scientific community worldwide. Organoids can be established from healthy human tissue as well as from a variety of tumor tissue types. The power of the organoid is that it faithfully recapitulates the tissue from which it is derived. It can be genetically manipulated using technologies like shRNA (short-hairpin RNA) that can turn genes on and off, or the revolutionary gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. Moreover, organoid models are amenable to drug screening approaches so they can be used to validate therapeutics.


Columbia University Irving Medical Center

Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC) and NewYork-Presbyterian researchers have created patient-specific bladder cancer organoids that mimic many of the characteristics of actual tumors. The use of organoids, tiny 3-D spheres derived from a patient’s own tumor, may be useful in the future to guide treatment of patients.
Shen, who is also a member of NewYork-Presbyterian/CUIMC’s <a href="http://cancer.columbia.edu/">Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center</a>, began developing bladder cancer organoids about four years ago. A major challenge in creating any type of organoid is determining the unique mixture of nutrients, growth factors, and tissue culture techniques that will transform patient tumor cells into miniature tumor organoids in a petri dish. The exact conditions can vary greatly from one type of cancer to another.
In the current study, organoids were made from the tumor cells of 22 patients with invasive bladder cancer.


Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC) and NewYork-Presbyterian researchers have created patient-specific bladder cancer organoids that mimic many of the characteristics of actual tumors. The use of organoids, tiny 3-D spheres derived from a patient’s own tumor, may be useful in the future to guide treatment of patients.

Shen, who is also a member of NewYork-Presbyterian/CUIMC’s [Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center](http://cancer.columbia.edu/), began developing bladder cancer organoids about four years ago. A major challenge in creating any type of organoid is determining the unique mixture of nutrients, growth factors, and tissue culture techniques that will transform patient tumor cells into miniature tumor organoids in a petri dish. The exact conditions can vary greatly from one type of cancer to another.

In the current study, organoids were made from the tumor cells of 22 patients with invasive bladder cancer.

Institut Curie - LIP - Breast Cancer

The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory at the Curie Institute (LIP) has 25 years experience in developing patient-derived PDXs of a wide range of cancers including breast, colon, lung, ovary, uveal melanoma, retinoblastoma, Head and Neck cancers.
The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory is developing the next generation of PDX models, from drug-resistant tumors, metastatic cancer to humanized models. LIP services includes:
<ul>
<li>Preclinical pharmacology &#x26; pharmacodynamics of anti-cancer drugs</li>
<li>Identification of predictive biomarkers of response and resistance to anti-cancer agents</li>
<li>Collaboration with many national and European academics &#x26; pharmaceutical companies <a href="https://science.institut-curie.org/platforms/pre-clinical-investigation-laboratory-lip/">Read more</a></li>
</ul>
We have established a collection of heterotopic ovarian cancers PDXs.
The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>


The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory at the Curie Institute (LIP) has 25 years experience in developing patient-derived PDXs of a wide range of cancers including breast, colon, lung, ovary, uveal melanoma, retinoblastoma, Head and Neck cancers.

The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory is developing the next generation of PDX models, from drug-resistant tumors, metastatic cancer to humanized models. LIP services includes:

- Preclinical pharmacology & pharmacodynamics of anti-cancer drugs
- Identification of predictive biomarkers of response and resistance to anti-cancer agents
- Collaboration with many national and European academics & pharmaceutical companies [Read more](https://science.institut-curie.org/platforms/pre-clinical-investigation-laboratory-lip/)

We have established a collection of heterotopic ovarian cancers PDXs.

The Pre-clinical investigation laboratory is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html)


Institut Curie - LIP - Lung Cancer

Institut Curie - LIP - Ovarian Cancer

The Center for Patient Derived Models at Dana Farber Cancer Institute

The Center for Patient Derived Models (CPDM) at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) is a strategic collaborative research center with the expertise to generate and characterize patient derived PDXs (PDX), patient derived cell lines (PDCL - 3D organoid/spheroid and 2D adherent cultures), and acute cell models drug testing.
Through collaboration with major disease groups in the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Boston Children Hospital Cancer Centers, we have made a large collection of patient derived models of brain tumors, hematologic tumors, and many other solid tumors available to academic and industrial researchers worldwide.
In collaboration with Dr Keith Ligon at DFCI, CPDM has generated a collection of 50+ orthotopic brain metastasis PDX models of diverse origins of primary cancers (lung, skin, breast, colon, esophagus, testis, and others), from the most common breast carcinoma, melanoma, and lung adenocarcinoma to the rare neuroendrocrine carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor, ovarian carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, and small cell lung carcinoma. In addition, CPDM also has a large collection of primary brain cancer models (PDX and PDCL of spheroid/organoid/adherent cultures). These primary brain tumor models cover a wide range of diagnoses and include several rare glioma models. Researchers can select models by mutation/alteration of BRAFV600E, IDH1R132H, H3F3AK27M, H3F3AG35R, EGFRvIII, by MGMT promoter methylation status. The collection includes PDX models of glioblastoma, pineoblastoma, medulloblastoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Many of these brain cancer models have matching PDX and PDCL models (spheroid/organoid or adherent cultures) from the same patients. These models have been used in many publications, including the recent <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2209-9#disqus_thread">Nature. 2020</a>.
CPDM also has over 300+ hematologic cancer PDX models of diverse subtypes, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, mature B-cell neoplasms, mature T- and NK-cell neoplasms, and myelodysplastic syndrome. AML models with t(9; 11) MLLT3-MLL, recurrent mutations in FLT3 and NPM1, as well as B-ALL models with t(12; 21) TEL-AML1, t(9; 22) BCR-ABL1, t(v; 11q23) MLL rearranged, t(1; 19) E2A-PBX1 and others are part of this collection. These PDX models were first published in <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27070704">Cancer Cell. 2016</a> and subsequently appeared in many studies. This model collection was previously distributed under the <a href="https://www.proxe.org/">Public Repository of PDXs (PRoXe)</a> by Dr David Weinstock. In addition, we have about ~400 solid tumor PDX models with clinical and genomic annotations contributed by Novartis via a model sharing collaboration between DFCI and Novartis. These Novartis PDX models were previously published in the landmark <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26479923">Nat Med. 2015 study</a> of using PDX models in high-throughput screening to predict clinical trial drug response.
Many of the models developed in our lab have been sequenced, and they come with rich clinical annotations, including data on whether tumors allocated for model creation have been previously exposed to immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.
We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic tumors, coupled with comprehensive clinical and molecular annotation including cancer panel targeted sequencing as well as methylation profiles and gene expression. Basic clinical and genomic data of these PDX as well as PDCL cancer models can be visualized via DFCI’s <a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe0ccf_xoGZJyqM2xwj-_0oxraxK87ZrkAeWaDOx-usRECXdA/viewform">cBioPortal</a> (CPDM Pan-Cancer Patient Derived Models, <a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe0ccf_xoGZJyqM2xwj-_0oxraxK87ZrkAeWaDOx-usRECXdA/viewform">registration</a> required). Please visit the <a href="https://www.dana-farber.org/research/departments-centers-and-labs/integrative-research-centers/center-for-patient-derived-models/">CPDM website</a> for additional details. We frequently announce information on the latest cancer models we have created or in development/characterization pipeline via our <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/dana-farber-cpdm">LinkedIn</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/CancerModels">Twitter</a> accounts.

The Center for Patient Derived Models (CPDM) at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) is a strategic collaborative research center with the expertise to generate and characterize patient derived PDXs (PDX), patient derived cell lines (PDCL - 3D organoid/spheroid and 2D adherent cultures), and acute cell models drug testing.

Through collaboration with major disease groups in the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Boston Children Hospital Cancer Centers, we have made a large collection of patient derived models of brain tumors, hematologic tumors, and many other solid tumors available to academic and industrial researchers worldwide.

In collaboration with Dr Keith Ligon at DFCI, CPDM has generated a collection of 50+ **orthotopic brain metastasis PDX models** of diverse origins of primary cancers (lung, skin, breast, colon, esophagus, testis, and others), from the most common breast carcinoma, melanoma, and lung adenocarcinoma to the rare neuroendrocrine carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor, ovarian carcinoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, and small cell lung carcinoma. In addition, CPDM also has a large collection of **primary brain cancer models** (PDX and PDCL of spheroid/organoid/adherent cultures). These primary brain tumor models cover a wide range of diagnoses and include several rare glioma models. Researchers can select models by mutation/alteration of _BRAFV600E_, _IDH1R132H_, _H3F3AK27M_, _H3F3AG35R_, _EGFRvIII_, by MGMT promoter methylation status. The collection includes PDX models of glioblastoma, pineoblastoma, medulloblastoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Many of these brain cancer models have matching PDX and PDCL models (spheroid/organoid or adherent cultures) from the same patients. These models have been used in many publications, including the recent [Nature. 2020](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2209-9#disqus_thread).

CPDM also has over 300+ **hematologic cancer PDX models** of diverse subtypes, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, mature B-cell neoplasms, mature T- and NK-cell neoplasms, and myelodysplastic syndrome. AML models with t(9; 11) _MLLT3-MLL_, recurrent mutations in _FLT3_ and _NPM1_, as well as B-ALL models with t(12; 21) _TEL-AML1,_ t(9; 22) _BCR-ABL1_, t(v; 11q23) _MLL_ rearranged, t(1; 19) _E2A-PBX1_ and others are part of this collection. These PDX models were first published in [Cancer Cell. 2016](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=27070704) and subsequently appeared in many studies. This model collection was previously distributed under the [Public Repository of PDXs (PRoXe)](https://www.proxe.org/) by Dr David Weinstock. In addition, we have about ~400 **solid tumor PDX models** with clinical and genomic annotations contributed by Novartis via a model sharing collaboration between DFCI and Novartis. These Novartis PDX models were previously published in the landmark [Nat Med. 2015 study](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26479923) of using PDX models in high-throughput screening to predict clinical trial drug response.

Many of the models developed in our lab have been sequenced, and they come with rich clinical annotations, including data on whether tumors allocated for model creation have been previously exposed to immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic tumors, coupled with comprehensive clinical and molecular annotation including cancer panel targeted sequencing as well as methylation profiles and gene expression. Basic clinical and genomic data of these PDX as well as PDCL cancer models can be visualized via DFCI’s [cBioPortal](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe0ccf_xoGZJyqM2xwj-_0oxraxK87ZrkAeWaDOx-usRECXdA/viewform) (CPDM Pan-Cancer Patient Derived Models, [registration](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe0ccf_xoGZJyqM2xwj-_0oxraxK87ZrkAeWaDOx-usRECXdA/viewform) required). Please visit the [CPDM website](https://www.dana-farber.org/research/departments-centers-and-labs/integrative-research-centers/center-for-patient-derived-models/) for additional details. We frequently announce information on the latest cancer models we have created or in development/characterization pipeline via our [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/dana-farber-cpdm) and [Twitter](https://twitter.com/CancerModels) accounts.

UT Health San Antonio Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute

Dr. Houghton is the Director of the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, which has as its mission to advance scientific knowledge relevant to childhood cancer and to accelerate the translation of knowledge into novel therapies. Dr. Houghton has been a leader in evaluating experimental agents using childhood cancer preclinical models for over three decades, with his work supporting the introduction of many new agents into pediatric clinical testing. Dr. Kurmasheva's (co-investigator) long-term research interest in the area of preclinical therapeutics of childhood solid tumors and her previous commitment to the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program brings additional expertise to the PIVOT. The Houghton laboratory uses rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and renal tumor panels to test novel pathway inhibitors and agents targeting potential biological vulnerabilities of these cancers, and it incorporates relevant pharmacodynamic measures to provide data regarding mechanisms of synergy and resistance. ...<a href="http://www.ccri.uthscsa.edu">Read more</a>


Dr. Houghton is the Director of the Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, which has as its mission to advance scientific knowledge relevant to childhood cancer and to accelerate the translation of knowledge into novel therapies. Dr. Houghton has been a leader in evaluating experimental agents using childhood cancer preclinical models for over three decades, with his work supporting the introduction of many new agents into pediatric clinical testing. Dr. Kurmasheva's (co-investigator) long-term research interest in the area of preclinical therapeutics of childhood solid tumors and her previous commitment to the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program brings additional expertise to the PIVOT. The Houghton laboratory uses rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and renal tumor panels to test novel pathway inhibitors and agents targeting potential biological vulnerabilities of these cancers, and it incorporates relevant pharmacodynamic measures to provide data regarding mechanisms of synergy and resistance. ...[Read more](http://www.ccri.uthscsa.edu)


HCI-Baylor College of Medicine

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).
The HCI-Baylor College of Medicine Patient-derived PDX Development and Trials Center(PDTC) is a multi-institutional Center comprising three well-established research groups: two from the Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah, and one from Baylor College of Medicine (BCM). The HCI-BCM PDTC focuses on breast cancer, with 76 patient-derived PDXs (PDX) lines immediately available for Supplement proposals. <a href="https://www.pdxnetwork.org/hcibcm">... Read more</a>


The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).

The HCI-Baylor College of Medicine Patient-derived PDX Development and Trials Center(PDTC) is a multi-institutional Center comprising three well-established research groups: two from the Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah, and one from Baylor College of Medicine (BCM). The HCI-BCM PDTC focuses on breast cancer, with 76 patient-derived PDXs (PDX) lines immediately available for Supplement proposals. [... Read more](https://www.pdxnetwork.org/hcibcm)


The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital

The Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong aims:
<ul>
<li>To develop and provide the highest quality diagnostic pathology and screening services in Hong Kong, Mainland China and the Asia-Pacific Region.</li>
<li>To instill in students and health-care professionals the importance of pathology as a scientific foundation for understanding diseases and all applied aspects of medicine.</li>
<li>To foster excellence in research into the pathogenesis of human diseases through harnessing the frontiers of scientific knowledge and technology.</li>
<li>To provide the highest quality patient care and management through synergistic partnership and collaboration with clinicians.</li>
</ul>


The Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong aims:
- To develop and provide the highest quality diagnostic pathology and screening services in Hong Kong, Mainland China and the Asia-Pacific Region.
- To instill in students and health-care professionals the importance of pathology as a scientific foundation for understanding diseases and all applied aspects of medicine.
- To foster excellence in research into the pathogenesis of human diseases through harnessing the frontiers of scientific knowledge and technology.
- To provide the highest quality patient care and management through synergistic partnership and collaboration with clinicians.


Candiolo Cancer Institute - Colorectal

Researchers at the University of Turin, Italy, aim at exploring the mechanisms of tumor dependency on oncogenic drivers and at understanding how such dependency is affected by genomic or functional modifiers, with an emphasis on colorectal cancer (CRC).
We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic colorectal tumours, coupled with comprehensive molecular annotation including whole exome and cancer panel targeted sequencing as well as methylation profiles and gene expression.This platform enables population-level discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical xenotrials.
The Candiolo Cancer Institute is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>.


Researchers at the University of Turin, Italy, aim at exploring the mechanisms of tumor dependency on oncogenic drivers and at understanding how such dependency is affected by genomic or functional modifiers, with an emphasis on colorectal cancer (CRC).

We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic colorectal tumours, coupled with comprehensive molecular annotation including whole exome and cancer panel targeted sequencing as well as methylation profiles and gene expression.This platform enables population-level discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical xenotrials.

The Candiolo Cancer Institute is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html).


IRCCS Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico

The Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano is a National Cancer Institute, reference center for clinicians and researchers in the field of cancer research and cure, and nationally recognized as “Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico” (CRO IRCCS) from the Ministry of Health, since 1990.
At CRO IRCCS the main activities are dedicated to the oncological patient’s care, through the development of excellence in prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. These aims are pursued through multidisciplinary and integrated patient care, high quality standard certifications, advanced personnel training and patient awareness interventions. Most of all, great emphasis and resources are invested to reach high-impact clinical and preclinical research, to boost the translation of bench science into bedside precision care.
The Molecular Oncology (OM) Unit carries out translational and preclinical research together with providing molecular diagnostics for cancer patients. A lot of the laboratory research is closely linked to clinical practice and utilizes biological material derived from patients. The research activities are focused on the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor onset, metastatic progression and resistance to therapies, particularly in breast and ovarian cancers, where finding new approaches to overcome drug resistance is strongly needed to improve patients’ outcomes.
CRO IRCCS is a founding member of the MoH network "Alliance Against Cancer, ACC”, which comprises all Italian oncological IRCCS and it actively participates to the Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).

The Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano is a National Cancer Institute, reference center for clinicians and researchers in the field of cancer research and cure, and nationally recognized as “Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico” (CRO IRCCS) from the Ministry of Health, since 1990.

At CRO IRCCS the main activities are dedicated to the oncological patient’s care, through the development of excellence in prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. These aims are pursued through multidisciplinary and integrated patient care, high quality standard certifications, advanced personnel training and patient awareness interventions. Most of all, great emphasis and resources are invested to reach high-impact clinical and preclinical research, to boost the translation of bench science into bedside precision care. 

The Molecular Oncology (OM) Unit carries out translational and preclinical research together with providing molecular diagnostics for cancer patients. A lot of the laboratory research is closely linked to clinical practice and utilizes biological material derived from patients. The research activities are focused on the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor onset, metastatic progression and resistance to therapies, particularly in breast and ovarian cancers, where finding new approaches to overcome drug resistance is strongly needed to improve patients’ outcomes.

CRO IRCCS is a founding member of the MoH network "Alliance Against Cancer, ACC”, which comprises all Italian oncological IRCCS and it actively participates to the Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).


Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza

The Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory at the Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza (CSS) uses a combination of genomic (e.g., RNA-seq, scRNA seq, miRNA-seq, qRT-PCR array plates), computational and functional approaches (high-throughput genetic screening, shMIMICS library) to analyze lung cancer transcriptome in primary and commercial cell lines as well as in human tumor samples (fresh and FFPE), and to identify tumor and circulating (plasma) biomarkers to explore molecular mechanisms of lung cancer progression and improve diagnosis and prognosis.
The Hematopathology Laboratory at the Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza (CSS) employs a combinatorial experimental approach including synthetic human models of T-cell leukemia, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, multiparameter flow cytometry, ChIP-seq, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), AbSeq and gain/loss-of-function assays through lentiviral gene transduction and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, to decipher the properties of leukemic and hematopoietic progenitors responsible for the generation and propagation of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).


The Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory at the Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza (CSS) uses a combination of genomic (e.g., RNA-seq, scRNA seq, miRNA-seq, qRT-PCR array plates), computational and functional approaches (high-throughput genetic screening, shMIMICS library) to analyze lung cancer transcriptome in primary and commercial cell lines as well as in human tumor samples (fresh and FFPE), and to identify tumor and circulating (plasma) biomarkers to explore molecular mechanisms of lung cancer progression and improve diagnosis and prognosis.

The Hematopathology Laboratory at the Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza  (CSS) employs a combinatorial experimental approach including synthetic human models of T-cell leukemia, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, multiparameter flow cytometry, ChIP-seq, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), AbSeq and gain/loss-of-function assays through lentiviral gene transduction and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, to decipher the properties of leukemic and hematopoietic progenitors responsible for the generation and propagation of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).


National Institute of Research in Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”

The National Institute of Research in Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” (IRCCS-DEB) is an hospital and research center specialized in the field of gastroenterology. The Institute is a recognized IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) by the Italian Ministry of Health.
The main topic of IRCCS-DEB is the clinical and translational research and the organization and management of healthy service in National health system. In the health regional network, the role of IRCCS-DEB is to join the activity of a predominantly surgical gastroenterological, endoscopic and hematological gastroenterology, as well as excellence in the metabolism and nutrition disorders. The Institute is a regional reference center for acute, chronic, and neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract and for gastrointestinal rare disease.
The research activities of IRCCS-DEB are divided into 3 lines of research: Precision Medicine in gastroenterology, Preventive/Predictive Medicine in gastroenterology, Participatory Medicine in gastroenterology
The Institute IRCCS-DEB includes different specialized research units (Personalized Medicine, Medical Genetics, Molecular Medicine, HTA, Epidemiology Biostatistician data science unit and clinical trial unit, Nutritional Biochemistry, Digestive Physiopathology and Animal Facility). Every research unit shares equipment with other laboratories to improve experimental procedures, and all the expertise and the equipment required for carrying out the project are available.
In the field of oncology, IRCCS-DEB is a member of the Ministry of Health's network of oncology IRCCS centers, "Alliance Against Cancer" (ACC).


The National Institute of Research in Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” (IRCCS-DEB) is an hospital and research center specialized in the field of gastroenterology. The Institute is a recognized IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) by the Italian Ministry of Health. 

The main topic of IRCCS-DEB is the clinical and translational research and the organization and management of healthy service in National health system. In the health regional network, the role of IRCCS-DEB is to join the activity of a predominantly surgical gastroenterological, endoscopic and hematological gastroenterology, as well as excellence in the metabolism and nutrition disorders. The Institute is a regional reference center for acute, chronic, and neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract and for gastrointestinal rare disease. 

The research activities of IRCCS-DEB are divided into 3 lines of research: Precision Medicine in gastroenterology, Preventive/Predictive Medicine in gastroenterology, Participatory Medicine in gastroenterology

The Institute IRCCS-DEB includes different specialized research units (Personalized Medicine, Medical Genetics, Molecular Medicine, HTA, Epidemiology Biostatistician data science unit and clinical trial unit, Nutritional Biochemistry, Digestive Physiopathology and Animal Facility). Every research unit shares equipment with other laboratories to improve experimental procedures, and all the expertise and the equipment required for carrying out the project are available.

In the field of oncology, IRCCS-DEB is a member of the Ministry of Health's network of oncology IRCCS centers, "Alliance Against Cancer" (ACC).


Candiolo Cancer Institute - Gastric

Researchers at the University of Torino, Italy, aim at identifying new molecular target in gastric cancer.
We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary gastro-esophageal tumors, coupled with molecular annotation including HER2 (HercepTest ), MSI, EBV status and Targeted/Whole exome sequencing. This platform enables population-level discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical xenotrials.
The Candiolo Cancer Institute is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>


Researchers at the University of Torino, Italy, aim at identifying new molecular target in gastric cancer.

We have produced an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary gastro-esophageal tumors, coupled with molecular annotation including HER2 (HercepTest ), MSI, EBV status and Targeted/Whole exome sequencing. This platform enables population-level discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical xenotrials.

The Candiolo Cancer Institute is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html)


IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino

IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (HSM) has always been a health landmark. With its five centuries of history, it is the main “health hub” not only for local people, attracting patients from the metropolitan area and from all over Liguria, but also from outside the Region. After the merging of the San Martino University Hospital and the Scientific Institute for Cancer Research, the “IRCCS San Martino Hospital – IST National Cancer Research Institute” was established on September 1st, 2011, with a particular focus on hematology and oncology. At the end of 2017, the name of the Institute was changed to “IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital”. On May 3rd 2018 HSM was certified by the Italian Ministry of Health also for its specialization in Neuroscience. The new Scientific Institute pursues, ensuring complementarity and integration, the aims of care, treatment, training and research (clinical and translational). It also ensures, in accordance with Legislative Decree no. 517/1999, the collaboration between the Regional Health Service and the University of Genoa. Its organization is based on Departments of Integrated Activity (Dipartimenti ad Attività Integrata – DAI), according to a model that combines the characteristics of an integrated university hospital with the peculiarities of a scientific institute. HSM is intended to be a fundamental tool for the innovation of the Regional


IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (HSM) has always been a health landmark. With its five centuries of history, it is the main “health hub” not only for local people, attracting patients from the metropolitan area and from all over Liguria, but also from outside the Region. After the merging of the San Martino University Hospital and the Scientific Institute for Cancer Research, the “IRCCS San Martino Hospital – IST National Cancer Research Institute” was established on September 1st, 2011, with a particular focus on hematology and oncology. At the end of 2017, the name of the Institute was changed to “IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital”. On May 3rd 2018 HSM was certified by the Italian Ministry of Health also for its specialization in Neuroscience. The new Scientific Institute pursues, ensuring complementarity and integration, the aims of care, treatment, training and research (clinical and translational). It also ensures, in accordance with Legislative Decree no. 517/1999, the collaboration between the Regional Health Service and the University of Genoa. Its organization is based on Departments of Integrated Activity (Dipartimenti ad Attività Integrata – DAI), according to a model that combines the characteristics of an integrated university hospital with the peculiarities of a scientific institute. HSM is intended to be a fundamental tool for the innovation of the Regional


IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas

Humanitas Research Hospital is a highly-specialized research and university hospital, the first in Italy to be certified for its excellence by the Joint Commission International as Academic Hospital. It hosts the residency and PhD programs of Humanitas University, a life science university that stands out for its real- world simulation-based approach to medical training and its international outlook, and a state-of-the-art translational research center.
In two dedicated buildings, many high-tech laboratories host more than 400 passionate researchers – physician scientists, biologists, physicists, data scientists and technologists – that work with a common mission: advancing science to make a difference in patients’ life. Humanitas research is guided by unmet clinical needs and it leverages high-end technologies to dissect the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying human pathologies in fields ranging from cardiovascular medicine to neuroscience, from immunology to cancer and microbiology, with the final goal of developing new therapies and new diagnostic and prognostic strategies.
At the core of the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology research activity is a multidisciplinary approach to the study of glioblastoma with an emphasis on innovative therapeutic targets and their brain
delivery based on the use of specific nanovectors.
The laboratory's contribution to the field is twofold:
<ul>
<li>The generation of a large collection of patient-derived primary cell lines which provide GBM disease cellular models for both in vitro and in vivo studies, which are available to the scientific community.</li>
<li>The demonstration that low doses of radiation (standard of care for GBM) improve nanovector delivery to GBM and preserve the healthy brain parenchyma. This has led to the preclinical therapeutic validation in GBM-PDX models of a combination strategy to treat GBM based on the concomitant use of radiation and drug-loaded liposomes conjugated with the ApoE-peptide, known to facilitate the crossing of the blood brain barrier by transcytosis, to vehicle doxorubicin.</li>
</ul>
IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas (ICH) is part of the ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).


Humanitas Research Hospital is a highly-specialized research and university hospital, the first in Italy to be certified for its excellence by the Joint Commission International as Academic Hospital. It hosts the residency and PhD programs of Humanitas University, a life science university that stands out for its real- world simulation-based approach to medical training and its international outlook, and a state-of-the-art translational research center.

In two dedicated buildings, many high-tech laboratories host more than 400 passionate researchers – physician scientists, biologists, physicists, data scientists and technologists – that work with a common mission: advancing science to make a difference in patients’ life. Humanitas research is guided by unmet clinical needs and it leverages high-end technologies to dissect the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying human pathologies in fields ranging from cardiovascular medicine to neuroscience, from immunology to cancer and microbiology, with the final goal of developing new therapies and new diagnostic and prognostic strategies.

At the core of the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology research activity is a multidisciplinary approach to the study of glioblastoma with an emphasis on innovative therapeutic targets and their brain
delivery based on the use of specific nanovectors. 

The laboratory's contribution to the field is twofold:

- The generation of a large collection of patient-derived primary cell lines which provide GBM disease cellular models for both in vitro and in vivo studies, which are available to the scientific community.
- The demonstration that low doses of radiation (standard of care for GBM) improve nanovector delivery to GBM and preserve the healthy brain parenchyma. This has led to the preclinical therapeutic validation in GBM-PDX models of a combination strategy to treat GBM based on the concomitant use of radiation and drug-loaded liposomes conjugated with the ApoE-peptide, known to facilitate the crossing of the blood brain barrier by transcytosis, to vehicle doxorubicin.

IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas (ICH) is part of the ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).


Istituto Dermopatico Dell'Immacolata

IDI-IRCCS is a dermatologic institute that represents a national and international reference center for clinicians and researchers in the field of skin and epithelia physio-pathology. In addition to its well-established healthcare services, IDI-IRCCS places significant emphasis on scientific research. This research integrates pre-clinical, clinical, and healthcare studies, aiming to translate findings into innovative and updated diagnostic and therapeutic methods for patients.
The experimental research primarily focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying various dermatological conditions, including genetic and autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, ulcerative skin conditions, and skin cancers. Much of the laboratory research is closely linked to clinical practice and utilizes biological material derived from patients.
The studies conducted in the Molecular Oncology Laboratory of IDI-IRCCS explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, with a focus on identifying potential biomarkers predictive of response and resistance to antitumor agents. As part of this work, the laboratory has created a resource of stabilized cell lines derived from patient melanoma metastases.
In the field of oncology, IDI-IRCCS is a member of the Ministry of Health's network of oncology IRCCS centers, "Alliance Against Cancer" (ACC).


IDI-IRCCS is a dermatologic institute that represents a national and international reference center for clinicians and researchers in the field of skin and epithelia physio-pathology. In addition to its well-established healthcare services, IDI-IRCCS places significant emphasis on scientific research. This research integrates pre-clinical, clinical, and healthcare studies, aiming to translate findings into innovative and updated diagnostic and therapeutic methods for patients.
The experimental research primarily focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying various dermatological conditions, including genetic and autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, ulcerative skin conditions, and skin cancers. Much of the laboratory research is closely linked to clinical practice and utilizes biological material derived from patients.

The studies conducted in the Molecular Oncology Laboratory of IDI-IRCCS explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of melanoma, with a focus on identifying potential biomarkers predictive of response and resistance to antitumor agents. As part of this work, the laboratory has created a resource of stabilized cell lines derived from patient melanoma metastases.

In the field of oncology, IDI-IRCCS is a member of the Ministry of Health's network of oncology IRCCS centers, "Alliance Against Cancer" (ACC).


Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli

The Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute is a highly specialised hospital and research institute in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology. As IRCCS (title granted by the Italian Ministry of Health to biomedical institutions of relevant national interest), the mission of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute is the development of translational research on musculoskeletal disorders. The institute's strength lies in the close integration between the treatment activities and the scientific research activities operating in 10 research laboratories. The institute is also a university teaching centre.
The research activity of the Experimental Oncology Laboratory is aimed to improve knowledge on musculoskeletal tumors and to develop new biomolecular approaches for optimizing diagnosis and treatment of soft-tissue and bone sarcomas. Research can be summarized as follows:
<ol>
<li>Obtain genetic profiling of bone tumors as a preparatory activity for the design of personalized therapies.</li>
<li>Develop new experimental models (3D spheroids, patient-derived xenografts) that reflect the genetic and biological characteristics of the tumor of origin and therefore allow functional and pharmacological studies of greater value than traditional models.</li>
<li>Study the interaction between tumor cell and bone microenvironment both in basal conditions and after treatment with drugs capable of damaging DNA.</li>
<li>Evaluate epigenetic mediators of relevance in bone sarcomas and the efficacy of drugs with an impact on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression as a basis for the design of differentiating therapies.</li>
</ol>
For more information, please <a href="https://www.ior.it/en/laboratori/lab-di-oncol-sperim/laboratorio-di-oncologia-sperimentale/laboratory-experimental-oncology">click here</a>


The Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute is a highly specialised hospital and research institute in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology. As IRCCS (title granted by the Italian Ministry of Health to biomedical institutions of relevant national interest), the mission of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute is the development of translational research on musculoskeletal disorders. The institute's strength lies in the close integration between the treatment activities and the scientific research activities operating in 10 research laboratories. The institute is also a university teaching centre.

The research activity of the Experimental Oncology Laboratory is aimed to improve knowledge on musculoskeletal tumors and to develop new biomolecular approaches for optimizing diagnosis and treatment of soft-tissue and bone sarcomas. Research can be summarized as follows:
1. Obtain genetic profiling of bone tumors as a preparatory activity for the design of personalized therapies.
2. Develop new experimental models (3D spheroids, patient-derived xenografts) that reflect the genetic and biological characteristics of the tumor of origin and therefore allow functional and pharmacological studies of greater value than traditional models.
3. Study the interaction between tumor cell and bone microenvironment both in basal conditions and after treatment with drugs capable of damaging DNA.
4. Evaluate epigenetic mediators of relevance in bone sarcomas and the efficacy of drugs with an impact on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression as a basis for the design of differentiating therapies.
   
For more information, please [click here](https://www.ior.it/en/laboratori/lab-di-oncol-sperim/laboratorio-di-oncologia-sperimentale/laboratory-experimental-oncology)



IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute

The mission of the IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRCCS-IRE) is to generate synergy and integration between clinical activity and experimental research.
Our institute disposes of a well-established NGS facility which offers assistance in pursuing state-of-the-art translational research projects involving next generation sequencing. The support starts with advice and guidance for the project followed by the NGS library preparation, quality control and sequencing. If requested, our computational biology team can take care of all subsequent analysis steps.
The facility has a more than 10 years of experience with various types of applications involving genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics but also more recently single cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis.
Sequencing is performed on Illumina (NovaSeq 6000, NextSeq 500 and a MiSeq) or for long-read sequencing on ONT (MinION) instruments. For the single cell analysis in a low throughput manner, we can exploit the DEPArray, for high throughput the 10x Chromium Controller or the BD Rhapsody. The GeoMx DSP instrument available in our institute enables spatial transcriptomics to analyse the expression in its morphological context. For a smaller subset of RNA, DNA or protein targets we can also offer the nCounter platform. A Hamilton Microlab STAR liquid handling system permits an automated library preparation of up to 96 samples. The equipment includes also the Covaris M220 Focused-ultrasonicator for reproducible genomic DNA shearing or the 4200 TapeStation or 2100 Bioanalyzer for all quality control procedures.
Our portfolio of transcriptomic analysis includes long RNA but also small RNA, circRNA or m6A-RNA sequencing. The epigenomic approaches comprise ChIP-Seq, ATAC-Seq, HiC-Seq, DRIP-Seq, ChIRP-Seq, ChIRP-RNA-Seq and MeDIP-Seq to characterize the tumour phenotype beyond mutations.
Our facility is also involved in various projects promoted by the network Alleanza Contro il Cancro and participates in the COVID sequencing within the COROnet.
The IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRCCS-IRE) joins the project: "The ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection" (ACC-PCMC).


The mission of the IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRCCS-IRE)  is to generate synergy and integration between clinical activity and experimental research.
Our institute disposes of a well-established NGS facility which offers assistance in pursuing state-of-the-art translational research projects involving next generation sequencing. The support starts with advice and guidance for the project followed by the NGS library preparation, quality control and sequencing. If requested, our computational biology team can take care of all subsequent analysis steps.

The facility has a more than 10 years of experience with various types of applications involving genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics but also more recently single cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis.

Sequencing is performed on Illumina (NovaSeq 6000, NextSeq 500 and a MiSeq) or for long-read sequencing on ONT (MinION) instruments. For the single cell analysis in a low throughput manner, we can exploit the DEPArray, for high throughput the 10x Chromium Controller or the BD Rhapsody. The GeoMx DSP instrument available in our institute enables spatial transcriptomics to analyse the expression in its morphological context. For a smaller subset of RNA, DNA or protein targets we can also offer the nCounter platform. A Hamilton Microlab STAR liquid handling system permits an automated library preparation of up to 96 samples.  The equipment includes also the Covaris M220 Focused-ultrasonicator for reproducible genomic DNA shearing or the 4200 TapeStation or 2100 Bioanalyzer for all quality control procedures.

Our portfolio of transcriptomic analysis includes long RNA but also small RNA, circRNA or m6A-RNA sequencing. The epigenomic approaches comprise ChIP-Seq, ATAC-Seq, HiC-Seq, DRIP-Seq, ChIRP-Seq, ChIRP-RNA-Seq and MeDIP-Seq to characterize the tumour phenotype beyond mutations.

Our facility is also involved in various projects promoted by the network Alleanza Contro il Cancro and participates in the COVID sequencing within the COROnet.

The  IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute (IRCCS-IRE) joins the project: "The ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection" (ACC-PCMC).


Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS

The Mario Negri Institute of Pharmacological Research IRCCS comprises 12 departments: 8 are locatedat the headquarters in Milan and 4 are in the headquarters in Bergamo and Ranica (BG). In addition to its experimental research, the institute carries out intensive clinical research that involves designing, coordinating and participating in numerous clinical trials and creating and managing disease registers.
The institute conducts scientific research with the aim of improving human health. The work begins by taking stock of the problems that patients face, then moves to experimental models – at the cellular and molecular level – and then the focus returns to patients.
Researchers study all components of drugs, identify organisms’ mechanisms of action, the causes of the onset of diseases and organisms’ responses to drugs exposure. The institute also evaluates the efficacy of health interventions, and of training and information dissemination activities aimed at the general public.
For the link of the department that generates the models <a href="https://www.marionegri.it/departments/experimental-oncology">click here</a>


The Mario Negri Institute of Pharmacological Research IRCCS comprises 12 departments: 8 are locatedat the headquarters in Milan and 4 are in the headquarters in Bergamo and Ranica (BG). In addition to its experimental research, the institute carries out intensive clinical research that involves designing, coordinating and participating in numerous clinical trials and creating and managing disease registers.

The institute conducts scientific research with the aim of improving human health. The work begins by taking stock of the problems that patients face, then moves to experimental models – at the cellular and molecular level – and then the focus returns to patients.

Researchers study all components of drugs, identify organisms’ mechanisms of action, the causes of the onset of diseases and organisms’ responses to drugs exposure. The institute also evaluates the efficacy of health interventions, and of training and information dissemination activities aimed at the general public. 

For the link of the department that generates the models [click here](https://www.marionegri.it/departments/experimental-oncology)


The Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori"

IRCCS-IRST
The Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori" - IRST is an IRCCS (institute for hospitalisation and care of a scientific nature) dedicated to treatment, research, and training in the field of oncology. Although IRST is a subject of the Health Service in the Emilia-Romagna Region and operates following the most accredited international experiences, it adopts the "population" organisational and managerial approach, promoting a centralised coordination of oncological functions and activities with its primary focus on meeting the needs of citizens.
IRST and the AUSL of the Romagna promote a coordinated governance of oncology based on the principles of cooperation and collaboration between the nodes of the network, but the skills of the single centres and the proximity of care for all citizens are also encouraged (Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Network).
The IRST project was born from a public-private alliance between non-profit organisations. The form chosen to organise IRST was that of a limited liability company (S.r.l.) with a majority public capital (governed by Legislative Decree 175/16). This is a non-profit company with the characteristics of a Social Enterprise, including the prohibition on the distribution of profits and the obligation to invest them in carrying out the institutional activities envisaged by the mission. In 2020 IRST was legally established as a publicly controlled private law company.
Since March 2012, IRST has been recognised as an institute for hospitalisation and care of a scientific nature (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico- IRCCS) for “Advanced Therapies in Medical Oncology”. IRST’s Radiotherapy and Skin Cancer Unit are its most recent sites to gain IRCCS status (Ministry of Health Decree of 9 August 2021).
The mission of the Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori 'Dino Amadori' - IRST Srl IRCCS is to fulfill its role as a reference centre in the field of oncology and tighten the link between treatment and research, guaranteeing quality, originality, innovation, and transferability of laboratory results into clinical practice. IRST was set up to give substance to a conviction: the fight against cancer can be won. The constant progress achieved in prevention, the effectiveness of the treatments, and the ongoing achievements of research, testify that what until a few years ago was only a faint hope, can now be a reality. IRST puts safety, respect for the person, and a patient-centered approach at the centre of every action and project, adhering to the principles of the National Health System: universality, equity, appropriateness, continuity of care, participation, transparency, efficiency, effectiveness, quality, and cost-effectiveness.
The Biosciences Laboratory is the heart of research and advanced molecular diagnostics activities at IRST. The Laboratory is a multifunctional facility which, in its most recent organisational set-up, is divided into two macrostructures: the Advanced and Predictive Diagnostics Area and the Research Area, organised into six sectors. The Laboratory - which covers approximately 500 square metres - has state-of-the-art instrumentation for genetic analysis (sequencers), identification of biomarkers, the study of circulating tumour cells, deep imaging (confocal microscope), as well as an enclosure equipped for the use of the Zebrafish animal model.
IRST is partner in the ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).
For more information, please <a href="https://www.irst.emr.it/it/">click here</a>

IRCCS-IRST
The Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori" - IRST is an IRCCS (institute for hospitalisation and care of a scientific nature) dedicated to treatment, research, and training in the field of oncology. Although IRST is a subject of the Health Service in the Emilia-Romagna Region and operates following the most accredited international experiences, it adopts the "population" organisational and managerial approach, promoting a centralised coordination of oncological functions and activities with its primary focus on meeting the needs of citizens.

IRST and the AUSL of the Romagna promote a coordinated governance of oncology based on the principles of cooperation and collaboration between the nodes of the network, but the skills of the single centres and the proximity of care for all citizens are also encouraged (Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Network).

The IRST project was born from a public-private alliance between non-profit organisations. The form chosen to organise IRST was that of a limited liability company (S.r.l.) with a majority public capital (governed by Legislative Decree 175/16). This is a non-profit company with the characteristics of a Social Enterprise, including the prohibition on the distribution of profits and the obligation to invest them in carrying out the institutional activities envisaged by the mission. In 2020 IRST was legally established as a publicly controlled private law company.

Since March 2012, IRST has been recognised as an institute for hospitalisation and care of a scientific nature (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico- IRCCS) for “Advanced Therapies in Medical Oncology”. IRST’s Radiotherapy and Skin Cancer Unit are its most recent sites to gain IRCCS status (Ministry of Health Decree of 9 August 2021).

The mission of the Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori 'Dino Amadori' - IRST Srl IRCCS is to fulfill its role as a reference centre in the field of oncology and tighten the link between treatment and research, guaranteeing quality, originality, innovation, and transferability of laboratory results into clinical practice. IRST was set up to give substance to a conviction: the fight against cancer can be won. The constant progress achieved in prevention, the effectiveness of the treatments, and the ongoing achievements of research, testify that what until a few years ago was only a faint hope, can now be a reality. IRST puts safety, respect for the person, and a patient-centered approach at the centre of every action and project, adhering to the principles of the National Health System: universality, equity, appropriateness, continuity of care, participation, transparency, efficiency, effectiveness, quality, and cost-effectiveness.

The Biosciences Laboratory is the heart of research and advanced molecular diagnostics activities at IRST. The Laboratory is a multifunctional facility which, in its most recent organisational set-up, is divided into two macrostructures: the Advanced and Predictive Diagnostics Area and the Research Area, organised into six sectors. The Laboratory - which covers approximately 500 square metres - has state-of-the-art instrumentation for genetic analysis (sequencers), identification of biomarkers, the study of circulating tumour cells, deep imaging (confocal microscope), as well as an enclosure equipped for the use of the Zebrafish animal model.

IRST is partner in the ACC italian Patient-derived Cancer Model Collection (ACC-PCMC).

For more information, please [click here](https://www.irst.emr.it/it/)


IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II

The IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II in Bari (Italy) is an oncology reference center responsible for the diagnosis, treatment, and research in oncology. Integrated into the regional health service, the Institute aims to ensure comprehensive cancer care and research, coordinate diagnostic and therapeutic pathways, monitor their effectiveness, and update them as necessary.
The Institute's objectives include:
<ul>
<li>Diagnosing and treating cancer using advanced and internationally recognized protocols.</li>
<li>Conducting research to deepen the understanding of cancer biology and improve diagnosis and treatment systems.</li>
<li>Providing public information on cancer-related issues and ongoing education for Institute staff.</li>
</ul>
Operating in clinical, research, and training areas, the Institute strives to achieve excellence in cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Research focuses on epidemiology, etiology, neoplastic transformation and progression, and experimental therapies. Activities are guided by principles of person-centered care, effective service delivery, and efficient organizational processes. The primary strategic goal is to enhance translational research, promoting synergy between clinical and basic research to quickly transfer knowledge to patient care.
In terms of care, the Institute offers inpatient and outpatient services, including day hospital and day surgery, with a total of 162 beds across various specialized units such as general surgery (with a focus on breast and oncologic surgery), interventional oncology, plastic and reconstructive surgery, thoracic surgery, hematology, gynecologic oncology, otolaryngology, urology, anesthesia, resuscitation, and medical oncology. Outpatient services cover both examinations and treatments.
To ensure precise diagnosis and treatment, the Institute is equipped with advanced medical equipment, including echotomographs, CT scanners, pulmonary ventilators, CT angiography, 1.5T MRI, stereotactic micro biopsy apparatus (mammotome), digital mammographs, anesthesia stations, remote-controlled radiology, dermatoscopes, angiographs, tomosynthesis, linear accelerators, and a CT simulator. Additionally, it houses a biobank, a centralized antiblastic handling unit, a molecular diagnostics and pharmacogenetics laboratory and several research core facilities.
The Oncology Orientation Center (C.Or.O.) serves as the gateway for oncology patients, providing initial intake and guiding patients through the diagnostic pathway, handling all administrative procedures. Patient care is managed by multidisciplinary teams, streamlining case management, reducing care burden, and expediting diagnostic-therapeutic decisions according to PDTAs, the set of processes and procedures applying clinical guidelines in practice.


The IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II in Bari (Italy) is an oncology reference center responsible for the diagnosis, treatment, and research in oncology. Integrated into the regional health service, the Institute aims to ensure comprehensive cancer care and research, coordinate diagnostic and therapeutic pathways, monitor their effectiveness, and update them as necessary.

The Institute's objectives include:
-  Diagnosing and treating cancer using advanced and internationally recognized protocols.
-  Conducting research to deepen the understanding of cancer biology and improve diagnosis and treatment systems.
- Providing public information on cancer-related issues and ongoing education for Institute staff.

Operating in clinical, research, and training areas, the Institute strives to achieve excellence in cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Research focuses on epidemiology, etiology, neoplastic transformation and progression, and experimental therapies. Activities are guided by principles of person-centered care, effective service delivery, and efficient organizational processes. The primary strategic goal is to enhance translational research, promoting synergy between clinical and basic research to quickly transfer knowledge to patient care.

In terms of care, the Institute offers inpatient and outpatient services, including day hospital and day surgery, with a total of 162 beds across various specialized units such as general surgery (with a focus on breast and oncologic surgery), interventional oncology, plastic and reconstructive surgery, thoracic surgery, hematology, gynecologic oncology, otolaryngology, urology, anesthesia, resuscitation, and medical oncology. Outpatient services cover both examinations and treatments.

To ensure precise diagnosis and treatment, the Institute is equipped with advanced medical equipment, including echotomographs, CT scanners, pulmonary ventilators, CT angiography, 1.5T MRI, stereotactic micro biopsy apparatus (mammotome), digital mammographs, anesthesia stations, remote-controlled radiology, dermatoscopes, angiographs, tomosynthesis, linear accelerators, and a CT simulator. Additionally, it houses a biobank, a centralized antiblastic handling unit, a molecular diagnostics and pharmacogenetics laboratory and several research core facilities.

The Oncology Orientation Center (C.Or.O.) serves as the gateway for oncology patients, providing initial intake and guiding patients through the diagnostic pathway, handling all administrative procedures. Patient care is managed by multidisciplinary teams, streamlining case management, reducing care burden, and expediting diagnostic-therapeutic decisions according to PDTAs, the set of processes and procedures applying clinical guidelines in practice.


Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù

The Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, an institution belonging to the Holy See, is one of the largest European pediatric hospitals and research centres focused on the cure and assistance of pediatric patients. The research laboratories of the hospital are equipped with the most modern technologies for cellular, molecular and genetic research and with a Pharmaceutical GMP facility dedicated to the production of drugs for advanced therapies. The Bambino Gesù also hosts the Italian team of Orphanet, the largest global database on rare diseases, which brings together more than 40 countries. The scientific research, which includes basic, translational and clinical research, is organised in 6 research areas. The Onco-haematology Research Area develops new molecular diagnostic approaches aimed at the stratification of pediatric cancer patients and leads national and international studies focused on the development of innovative cell and gene therapy protocols, from bench to bedside, running Phase I/II clinical trials. Every year, around 400 cancer patients come to OPBG for treatment. Maria Vinci, PhD, leads the Paediatric High-Grade Glioma research group.
For more information click <a href="https://ospedalebambinogesu.it/home">here</a> or reach out to via <a href="https://linkedin.com/in/mara-vinci">LinkedIn</a>


The Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, an institution belonging to the Holy See, is one of the largest European pediatric hospitals and research centres focused on the cure and assistance of pediatric patients. The research laboratories of the hospital are equipped with the most modern technologies for cellular, molecular and genetic research and with a Pharmaceutical GMP facility dedicated to the production of drugs for advanced therapies. The Bambino Gesù also hosts the Italian team of Orphanet, the largest global database on rare diseases, which brings together more than 40 countries. The scientific research, which includes basic, translational and clinical research, is organised in 6 research areas. The Onco-haematology Research Area develops new molecular diagnostic approaches aimed at the stratification of pediatric cancer patients and leads national and international studies focused on the development of innovative cell and gene therapy protocols, from bench to bedside, running Phase I/II clinical trials. Every year, around 400 cancer patients come to OPBG for treatment. Maria Vinci, PhD, leads the Paediatric High-Grade Glioma research group.

For more information click [here](https://ospedalebambinogesu.it/home) or reach out to via [LinkedIn](https://linkedin.com/in/mara-vinci)


Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale

The Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale is a highly specialized hospital and research institute in the field of oncology.
As IRCCS (title granted by the Italian Ministry of Health to biomedical institutions of relevant national interest), the mission of Pascale Institute is the development of translational research on cancer combining research activities (both preclinical and clinical) with high-complexity and high- quality care services, it stands as one of the most significant healthcare entities in Southern Italy in the field of oncology. The National Cancer Institute serves as the regional reference center for the diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic diseases.
The mission of Experimental Pharmacology Unit is mainly the preclinical and clinical development of new anti-tumor therapeutic approaches, aiming to improve treatment efficacy, reducing their toxicity and quickly translating them to patient care.
Research can be summarized as follows:
<ol>
<li>New pharmacological combinations, using epigenetic drugs and repositioning drugs;</li>
<li>Use of complex preclinical models (3D tumor/TME cultures/co-cultures; immune-competent models; PDX);</li>
<li>Use of high throughput and high-content screening;</li>
<li>Identification of new prognostic and/or predictive markers of response using flow cytometry, Seahorse flux analysis, metabolomics, lipidomics and proteomics, isolation of extra-cellular vesicles and systems biology;</li>
<li>“In silico” analysis (molecular modeling and virtual screening).</li>
</ol>
For more information, please <a href="https://newportal.istitutotumori.na.it/dipartimenti/dipartimento-di-ricerca-traslazionale-a-supporto-dei-percorsi-oncologici/sc-farmacologia-sperimentale/">click here</a>


The Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale is a highly specialized hospital and research institute in the field of oncology.

As IRCCS (title granted by the Italian Ministry of Health to biomedical institutions of relevant national interest), the mission of Pascale Institute is the development of translational research on cancer combining research activities (both preclinical and clinical) with high-complexity and high- quality care services, it stands as one of the most significant healthcare entities in Southern Italy in the field of oncology. The National Cancer Institute serves as the regional reference center for the diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic diseases.
The mission of Experimental Pharmacology Unit is mainly the preclinical and clinical development of new anti-tumor therapeutic approaches, aiming to improve treatment efficacy, reducing their toxicity and quickly translating them to patient care.

Research can be summarized as follows:
1. New pharmacological combinations, using epigenetic drugs and repositioning drugs;
2. Use of complex preclinical models (3D tumor/TME cultures/co-cultures; immune-competent models; PDX);
3. Use of high throughput and high-content screening;
4. Identification of new prognostic and/or predictive markers of response using flow cytometry, Seahorse flux analysis, metabolomics, lipidomics and proteomics, isolation of extra-cellular vesicles and systems biology;
5. “In silico” analysis (molecular modeling and virtual screening).

For more information, please [click here](https://newportal.istitutotumori.na.it/dipartimenti/dipartimento-di-ricerca-traslazionale-a-supporto-dei-percorsi-oncologici/sc-farmacologia-sperimentale/)


The Jackson laboratory

Over 450 patient-derived PDX (PDX) models for more than 20 different cancer types engrafted in immunodeficient NSG™ mice are available for shipment to your facility or for dosing studies conducted by the JAX In Vivo Pharmacology Services team.
The JAX PDX Resource contains over 450 patient-derived PDX (PDX) models for more than 20 different cancer types which have been engrafted in immunodeficient NSG ™ mice. Models have curated clinical and patient demographic annotations, including patient treatment history. The genomes of engrafted tumors are characterized using targeted gene sequencing, transcriptional profiling, and copy number variation. Many of the models in the JAX resource have been tested for response to standard of care therapies.
Features of JAX models include:
<ol>
<li>models generated from clinical samples, not cell lines</li>
<li>models from diverse cancer types that reflect a spectrum of mutations/genomic configurations</li>
<li>genomic and dosing data based on early passage samples (> 6 passages) to retain tumor heterogeneity</li>
</ol>


Over 450 patient-derived PDX (PDX) models for more than 20 different cancer types engrafted in immunodeficient NSG™ mice are available for shipment to your facility or for dosing studies conducted by the JAX In Vivo Pharmacology Services team.

The JAX PDX Resource contains over 450 patient-derived PDX (PDX) models for more than 20 different cancer types which have been engrafted in immunodeficient NSG ™ mice. Models have curated clinical and patient demographic annotations, including patient treatment history. The genomes of engrafted tumors are characterized using targeted gene sequencing, transcriptional profiling, and copy number variation. Many of the models in the JAX resource have been tested for response to standard of care therapies.

Features of JAX models include:

1. models generated from clinical samples, not cell lines
2. models from diverse cancer types that reflect a spectrum of mutations/genomic configurations
3. genomic and dosing data based on early passage samples (> 6 passages) to retain tumor heterogeneity


Luxembourg Institute of Health - Gliomas

Within the Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), the NORLUX Neuro-Oncology laboratory is specialized in brain tumor research with a major emphasis on the biology of malit gliomas, in particular the most aggressive form - Glioblastoma. NORLUX aims to translate acquired research-based knowledge into preclinical and clinical applications.
<a href="https://norlux.lih.lu">The NORLUX laboratory</a> have a longstanding expertise in generating brain tumor patient-derived orthotopic PDXs (PDOXs). Glioma PDOXs are derived from 3D organoid cultures established from patient tumor tissue, followed by an efficient orthotopic PDXing. We have developed > 40 Glioblastoma PDXs, including longitudinal models from patients prior and after treatment. We also established PDOXs from grade III/IV gliomas carrying IDH1 R132H mutation. We have performed a detailed molecular and morphological characterization, including histopathological assessment, genetic aberrations and mutations (array-CGH, targeted DNA sequencing), DNA methylation and gene expression. NORLUX models are applicable for preclinical drug testing in vitro (3D organoids) and in vivo.
NORLUX is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>.


Within the Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), the NORLUX Neuro-Oncology laboratory is specialized in brain tumor research with a major emphasis on the biology of malit gliomas, in particular the most aggressive form - Glioblastoma. NORLUX aims to translate acquired research-based knowledge into preclinical and clinical applications.

[The NORLUX laboratory](https://norlux.lih.lu) have a longstanding expertise in generating brain tumor patient-derived orthotopic PDXs (PDOXs). Glioma PDOXs are derived from 3D organoid cultures established from patient tumor tissue, followed by an efficient orthotopic PDXing. We have developed > 40 Glioblastoma PDXs, including longitudinal models from patients prior and after treatment. We also established PDOXs from grade III/IV gliomas carrying IDH1 R132H mutation. We have performed a detailed molecular and morphological characterization, including histopathological assessment, genetic aberrations and mutations (array-CGH, targeted DNA sequencing), DNA methylation and gene expression. NORLUX models are applicable for preclinical drug testing in vitro (3D organoids) and in vivo.

NORLUX is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html).


Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

Dr. Li's laboratory is responsible for PIVOT testing involving childhood cancer brain tumor models (e.g., medulloblastoma, ependymoma, high grade gliomas, etc.). Brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. To effectively prioritize drug candidates and improve chances of clinical success, Dr. Li's laboratory developed a large panel (>70) of patient-derived orthotopic PDX (PDOX, or orthotopic PDX) models of malignant pediatric brain tumors through direct implantation of surgical samples as well as autopsied tumor tissues into the matching locations in the brains of SCID mice. These models replicate the histopathological features, molecular subtypes and major genetic abnormalities of the original patient tumors and represent a broad spectrum of potential driver mutation/alternations in pediatric CNS tumors. Dr. Li's laboratory seeks to utilize this novel panel of PDOX models to examine the therapeutic efficacy of new agents and to understand mechanisms of action in order to establish preclinical rationale for expedited translation into clinical trials. ...<a href="https://www.luriechildrens.org/">Read more</a>


Dr. Li's laboratory is responsible for PIVOT testing involving childhood cancer brain tumor models (e.g., medulloblastoma, ependymoma, high grade gliomas, etc.). Brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. To effectively prioritize drug candidates and improve chances of clinical success, Dr. Li's laboratory developed a large panel (>70) of patient-derived orthotopic PDX (PDOX, or orthotopic PDX) models of malignant pediatric brain tumors through direct implantation of surgical samples as well as autopsied tumor tissues into the matching locations in the brains of SCID mice. These models replicate the histopathological features, molecular subtypes and major genetic abnormalities of the original patient tumors and represent a broad spectrum of potential driver mutation/alternations in pediatric CNS tumors. Dr. Li's laboratory seeks to utilize this novel panel of PDOX models to examine the therapeutic efficacy of new agents and to understand mechanisms of action in order to establish preclinical rationale for expedited translation into clinical trials. ...[Read more](https://www.luriechildrens.org/)


Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute

Our approach relies on our expertise in obtaining clinical specimens to use for patient-derived models. We recently established the Melbourne Urology Research Alliance (MURAL) platform of preclinical models and have world class facilities to support our specific projects. We are leading contributors to national and international networks and collaborations, integrating and co-ordinating our outcomes worldwide.
Specifically, our program projects seek to improve diagnosis of localised prostate cancer by:
<ul>
<li>Determining the origins of high risk disease, particularly neuroendocrine tumours</li>
<li>Using sub pathologies (e.g. intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, IDC-P) to identify high risk patients and improve prognosis in both sporadic and familial prostate cancer.</li>
</ul>
Specifically, our program projects seek to test new treatments for CRPC including:
<ul>
<li>Novel therapies targeting the androgen receptor</li>
<li>Ribosome directed therapies</li>
<li>Epigenome targeted therapies</li>
<li>Therapies targeting DNA damage repair.</li>
</ul>
If successful, we will improve the accuracy of identifying patients with high risk localised disease that may in turn inform the design of upfront therapy trials. Also, we will identify novel treatments that can eradicate CRPC tumours in preclinical tests to guide new and ongoing clinical trials.


Our approach relies on our expertise in obtaining clinical specimens to use for patient-derived models. We recently established the Melbourne Urology Research Alliance (MURAL) platform of preclinical models and have world class facilities to support our specific projects. We are leading contributors to national and international networks and collaborations, integrating and co-ordinating our outcomes worldwide.

Specifically, our program projects seek to improve diagnosis of localised prostate cancer by:

- Determining the origins of high risk disease, particularly neuroendocrine tumours
- Using sub pathologies (e.g. intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, IDC-P) to identify high risk patients and improve prognosis in both sporadic and familial prostate cancer.

Specifically, our program projects seek to test new treatments for CRPC including:

- Novel therapies targeting the androgen receptor
- Ribosome directed therapies
- Epigenome targeted therapies
- Therapies targeting DNA damage repair.

If successful, we will improve the accuracy of identifying patients with high risk localised disease that may in turn inform the design of upfront therapy trials. Also, we will identify novel treatments that can eradicate CRPC tumours in preclinical tests to guide new and ongoing clinical trials.

MD Anderson Children's Cancer Hospital

Dr. Gorlick's laboratory is responsible for osteosarcoma testing within the PIVOT. His longstanding interest in developing new therapies and treatment approaches builds upon MD Anderson's established excellence in this area within pediatrics. A cadre of unique clinical trials is currently available at the Children's Cancer Hospital for osteosarcoma, with three more in the final stages of activation to offer options of inhalation chemotherapy, natural killer cells, and inhibitors of autophagy in both recurrent and refractory disease. The goal of Gorlick's lab through preclinical and clinical translation approaches is to make a difference in the lives of osteosarcoma patients everywhere. Screening has already made an impact as several osteosarcoma drugs trials in progress in the U.S. are the result of PIVOT screening in his lab. Among them, Children's Oncology Group trials of eribulin and glembatumumab vendotin, both for recurrent or refractory disease. ...<a href="https://www.mdanderson.org/children/">Read more</a>


Dr. Gorlick's laboratory is responsible for osteosarcoma testing within the PIVOT. His longstanding interest in developing new therapies and treatment approaches builds upon MD Anderson's established excellence in this area within pediatrics. A cadre of unique clinical trials is currently available at the Children's Cancer Hospital for osteosarcoma, with three more in the final stages of activation to offer options of inhalation chemotherapy, natural killer cells, and inhibitors of autophagy in both recurrent and refractory disease. The goal of Gorlick's lab through preclinical and clinical translation approaches is to make a difference in the lives of osteosarcoma patients everywhere. Screening has already made an impact as several osteosarcoma drugs trials in progress in the U.S. are the result of PIVOT screening in his lab. Among them, Children's Oncology Group trials of eribulin and glembatumumab vendotin, both for recurrent or refractory disease. ...[Read more](https://www.mdanderson.org/children/)


University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).
The University of Texas PDX Development and Trial Center (UTPDTC) is composed of investigators in the University of Texas MD Anderson (UTMDACC) and The University of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) and is focused on development and preclinical investigation of PDXs from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PDAC), and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor subtypes, as well as patients with selected genomic alterations across other histologies <a href="https://www.pdxnetwork.org/md-anderson">... Read more</a>


The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).

The University of Texas PDX Development and Trial Center (UTPDTC) is composed of investigators in the University of Texas MD Anderson (UTMDACC) and The University of University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) and is focused on development and preclinical investigation of PDXs from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer (PDAC), and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor subtypes, as well as patients with selected genomic alterations across other histologies [... Read more](https://www.pdxnetwork.org/md-anderson)


Netherlands Cancer Institute

The Netherlands Cancer Institute was founded in 1913, combining research and patient care focussing solely on cancer. It is the only dedicated cancer centre in The Netherlands and maintains an important role as national and international centre of scientific and clinical expertise, development and training.
This resource contains 7 triple negative breast cancer models with primary and PDX samples for multiple passages. The models are characterized with array CGH, exome sequencing and RNASeq.
This resource is a member of the <a href="https://www.europdx.eu/">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589/en">EDIReX</a>.


The Netherlands Cancer Institute was founded in 1913, combining research and patient care focussing solely on cancer. It is the only dedicated cancer centre in The Netherlands and maintains an important role as national and international centre of scientific and clinical expertise, development and training.

This resource contains 7 triple negative breast cancer models with primary and PDX samples for multiple passages. The models are characterized with array CGH, exome sequencing and RNASeq.

This resource is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](https://www.europdx.eu/). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589/en).


NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository

The NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository is a national repository of patient-derived PDXs developed from patients with solid tumors.
The NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository (PDMR) models are clinically-annotated with molecular information available in an easily accessible database for the extramural community. Tissue and blood samples from patients with cancer (primary and metastatic; treatment naïve and pre-treated) have been collected from over 50 comprehensive cancer centers, clinical trials networks, and rapid autopsy programs across the US for model generation. PDXs are primarily generated by subcutaneous implantation of fresh tumor tissue using NOD scid gamma host mice. The PDMR’s goal is to have at least 1000 PDX models available to researchers to power research studies including target qualification, pharmacodynamic biomarker development, and preclinical efficacy studies. In the future, release matched early-passage mixed tumor, cancer-associated fibroblast, and organoid cultures. The PDMR histologically evaluates all PDX tumors that contribute to its distribution material and molecularly characterizes multiple PDXs within each model as well as the patient material when available <a href="https://pdmr.cancer.gov">... Read more</a>


The NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository is a national repository of patient-derived PDXs developed from patients with solid tumors.

The NCI Patient-Derived Models Repository (PDMR) models are clinically-annotated with molecular information available in an easily accessible database for the extramural community. Tissue and blood samples from patients with cancer (primary and metastatic; treatment naïve and pre-treated) have been collected from over 50 comprehensive cancer centers, clinical trials networks, and rapid autopsy programs across the US for model generation. PDXs are primarily generated by subcutaneous implantation of fresh tumor tissue using NOD scid gamma host mice. The PDMR’s goal is to have at least 1000 PDX models available to researchers to power research studies including target qualification, pharmacodynamic biomarker development, and preclinical efficacy studies. In the future, release matched early-passage mixed tumor, cancer-associated fibroblast, and organoid cultures. The PDMR histologically evaluates all PDX tumors that contribute to its distribution material and molecularly characterizes multiple PDXs within each model as well as the patient material when available [... Read more](https://pdmr.cancer.gov)


Princess Marget Living Biobank - Organoid Centre

Researchers at the Princess Margaret (PM) Cancer Centre (Toronto, Canada) have clinically annotated and molecularly characterized tumor models (>1000) including ovarian, head and neck, lung, mesothelioma, breast, pancreas and colon cancers. Organoid models are derived from patient-derived xenograft tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic patient tissues. PMLB organoid repository includes models generated from colorectal, pancreatic, and lung cancer tissues.
<ul>
<li>Each organoid model has been extensively characterized:</li>
<li>STR matched to patient tissue</li>
<li>Histopathology</li>
<li>Mycoplasma testing</li>
<li>Doubling rate</li>
<li>Organoid models are accessible to internal/external researchers (view available models)</li>
<li>OMICS profiling</li>
</ul>
<a href="https://pmlivingbiobank.uhnresearch.ca/">... Read more</a>


Researchers at the Princess Margaret (PM) Cancer Centre (Toronto, Canada) have clinically annotated and molecularly characterized tumor models (>1000) including ovarian, head and neck, lung, mesothelioma, breast, pancreas and colon cancers. Organoid models are derived from patient-derived xenograft tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic patient tissues. PMLB organoid repository includes models generated from colorectal, pancreatic, and lung cancer tissues.

- Each organoid model has been extensively characterized:
- STR matched to patient tissue
- Histopathology
- Mycoplasma testing
- Doubling rate
- Organoid models are accessible to internal/external researchers (view available models)
- OMICS profiling

[... Read more](https://pmlivingbiobank.uhnresearch.ca/)


Princess Marget Living Biobank

Researchers at the Princess Margaret (PM) Cancer Centre (Toronto, Canada) have clinically annotated and molecularly characterized tumor models (>1000) including ovarian, head and neck, lung, mesothelioma, breast, pancreas and colon cancers. These patient-derived PDX (PDX) models are grown in immune-deficient mice to study the genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of these tumors, and to better understand the functional significance of their molecular changes.
The Princess Margaret Living Biobank (PMLB) research core facility acts as a repository for REB-approved and patient consented PDX models and their associated multi-omics and clinicopathological data. PM scientists collaborate with the PMLB to make these models available to researchers at academic institutions and commercial companies. PMLB provides services including model establishment, drug screening, functional screening and biomarker discovery. <a href="https://pmlivingbiobank.uhnresearch.ca/">... Read more</a>


Researchers at the Princess Margaret (PM) Cancer Centre (Toronto, Canada) have clinically annotated and molecularly characterized tumor models (>1000) including ovarian, head and neck, lung, mesothelioma, breast, pancreas and colon cancers. These patient-derived PDX (PDX) models are grown in immune-deficient mice to study the genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of these tumors, and to better understand the functional significance of their molecular changes.

The Princess Margaret Living Biobank (PMLB) research core facility acts as a repository for REB-approved and patient consented PDX models and their associated multi-omics and clinicopathological data. PM scientists collaborate with the PMLB to make these models available to researchers at academic institutions and commercial companies. PMLB provides services including model establishment, drug screening, functional screening and biomarker discovery. [... Read more](https://pmlivingbiobank.uhnresearch.ca/)


Wellcome Sanger Institute

Organoids are a long-term culture system which allow cells to be grown in specialised 3D culture conditions that maintain the stem cell population as well as much of the cell/tissue architecture found in vivo. Cancer organoid models have been shown to recapitulate features of the original tissue/tumour and can model clinically relevant drug responses. Through generating large numbers of molecularly characterised organoid models, and performing drug sensitivity screens, we aim to identify new cancer treatments.
As part of the HCMI, the Sanger Institute has joined forces with Cancer Research UK (CRUK) to derive hundreds of organoid cell models from colon, oesophageal, pancreatic, lung, breast and ovarian cancers. These models are being generated from patient samples taken at the time of biopsy or surgical resection and are being mae availabel through the third-party repository <a href="https://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/hcmi?geo_country=gb">ATCC</a>.
The models derived at the Sanger Institute will be highly annotated, including a complete sample history and key pieces of patient clinical information. The original tumour as well as the matched organoid culture will also be genomically characterised and drug screens performed. These new cell models and associated datasets be shared with the research community to further research in cancer and other diseases. Genomic datasets as well as model and sample information can be found through the following resources Cell Model Passports Database, <a href="https://hcmi-searchable-catalog.nci.nih.gov/">HCMI</a> and <a href="https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/">GDC</a>


Organoids are a long-term culture system which allow cells to be grown in specialised 3D culture conditions that maintain the stem cell population as well as much of the cell/tissue architecture found in vivo. Cancer organoid models have been shown to recapitulate features of the original tissue/tumour and can model clinically relevant drug responses. Through generating large numbers of molecularly characterised organoid models, and performing drug sensitivity screens, we aim to identify new cancer treatments.

As part of the HCMI, the Sanger Institute has joined forces with Cancer Research UK (CRUK) to derive hundreds of organoid cell models from colon, oesophageal, pancreatic, lung, breast and ovarian cancers. These models are being generated from patient samples taken at the time of biopsy or surgical resection and are being mae availabel through the third-party repository [ATCC](https://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/hcmi?geo_country=gb).

The models  derived at the Sanger Institute will be highly annotated, including a complete sample history and key pieces of patient clinical information. The original tumour as well as the matched organoid culture will also be genomically characterised and drug screens performed. These new cell models and associated datasets be shared with the research community to further research in cancer and other diseases. Genomic datasets as well as model and sample information can be found through the following resources Cell Model Passports Database, [HCMI](https://hcmi-searchable-catalog.nci.nih.gov/) and [GDC](https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/)


St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

The Developmental Biology and Solid Tumor Program created the Childhood Solid Tumor Network (CSTN) to accelerate discovery and improve outcomes for children with solid tumors. All samples and data are shared free of charge with no obligation to collaborate even for unpublished samples and data.
The mission of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is to advance cures, and means of prevention, for pediatric catastrophic diseases through research and treatment. <a href="http://www.stjude.org/cstn">The Childhood Solid Tumor Network\n (CSTN)</a> was created to share resources and data to stimulate basic research and speeding translation to the clinic. The CSTN houses hundreds of orthotopic patient derived PDXs (O-PDXs) from more than 20 different types of pediatric solid tumors. Importantly, all patients consented to donate their tumor tissue for PDXing and profiling. All samples and data are shared free of charge with no obligation to collaborate.
The following resources are available:
<ul>
<li><a href="https://cstn.stjude.cloud">Viable tumor cells or orthotopic implantation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://cstn.stjude.cloud/resources">SOP and protocols for processing and implanting tumors</a></li>
<li>Cryopreserved specimens for molecular analyses</li>
<li>FFPE blocks or sections are available</li>
<li><a href="https://platform.stjude.cloud/data/cohorts?dataset_accession=SJC-DS-1008">Characterization data including WGS, WES of patient tumor, normal germline and O-PDX</a></li>
<li>RNA-seq of patient tumor and O-PDX</li>
<li>WGBS or 850k methylation array of patient tumor and O-PDX</li>
<li>Clonal analysis of patient tumor and O-PDX</li>
<li>Histopathology of patient tumor and O-PDX</li>
<li>Electron microscopy of patient tumor (when available) and O-PDX</li>
<li>Single nucleus RNA-seq of patient tumor and O-PDX</li>
<li>ChIP-seq of O-PDX for 8 histone marks, Brd4, CTCF and RNA PolII</li>
<li>Proteomics and phosphoproteomics of selected O-PDX tumors</li>
<li>Transcriptome and epigenetic profiling of associated normal tissue</li>
<li><a href="https://cstn.stjude.cloud/resources">Pharmacokinetic data using the O-PDX to measure drug penetration and system exposure for more than 30 drugs</a></li>
<li>Drug sensitivity data for primary cultures of O-PDX and related cell lines</li>
</ul>
Stewart, E,_ Federico, S,_ Chen, X,* et al, Orthotopic patient-derived PDXs of paediatric solid tumours. Nature. 2017 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28854174">... Read more</a>
<img src="/img/providers/sjcrh-image.png" alt="Tumour diagram">


The Developmental Biology and Solid Tumor Program created the Childhood Solid Tumor Network (CSTN) to accelerate discovery and improve outcomes for children with solid tumors. All samples and data are shared free of charge with no obligation to collaborate even for unpublished samples and data.

The mission of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is to advance cures, and means of prevention, for pediatric catastrophic diseases through research and treatment. [The Childhood Solid Tumor Network\\n (CSTN)](http://www.stjude.org/cstn) was created to share resources and data to stimulate basic research and speeding translation to the clinic. The CSTN houses hundreds of orthotopic patient derived PDXs (O-PDXs) from more than 20 different types of pediatric solid tumors. Importantly, all patients consented to donate their tumor tissue for PDXing and profiling. All samples and data are shared free of charge with no obligation to collaborate.

The following resources are available:

- [Viable tumor cells or orthotopic implantation](https://cstn.stjude.cloud)
- [SOP and protocols for processing and implanting tumors](https://cstn.stjude.cloud/resources)
- Cryopreserved specimens for molecular analyses
- FFPE blocks or sections are available
- [Characterization data including WGS, WES of patient tumor, normal germline and O-PDX](https://platform.stjude.cloud/data/cohorts?dataset_accession=SJC-DS-1008)
- RNA-seq of patient tumor and O-PDX
- WGBS or 850k methylation array of patient tumor and O-PDX
- Clonal analysis of patient tumor and O-PDX
- Histopathology of patient tumor and O-PDX
- Electron microscopy of patient tumor (when available) and O-PDX
- Single nucleus RNA-seq of patient tumor and O-PDX
- ChIP-seq of O-PDX for 8 histone marks, Brd4, CTCF and RNA PolII
- Proteomics and phosphoproteomics of selected O-PDX tumors
- Transcriptome and epigenetic profiling of associated normal tissue
- [Pharmacokinetic data using the O-PDX to measure drug penetration and system exposure for more than 30 drugs](https://cstn.stjude.cloud/resources)
- Drug sensitivity data for primary cultures of O-PDX and related cell lines

Stewart, E,_ Federico, S,_ Chen, X,\* et al, Orthotopic patient-derived PDXs of paediatric solid tumours. Nature. 2017 [... Read more](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28854174)

![Tumour diagram](/img/providers/sjcrh-image.png)


TRACE-PDTX

<a href="https://www.uzleuven-kuleuven.be/lki/trace/">TRACE</a>, a multidisciplinary project focused on the development of Patient-Derived PDXs (PDXs), was set up in 2012 within the <a href="http://uzleuven-kuleuven.be/lki/en">KU Leuven and Leuvens Kanker institute</a> to provide a more reliable and predictive in vivo oncology model for testing innovative treatment therapies, investigating new and existing pathways and define biomarkers.
TRACE is a robust platform with standardized procedures, a strong quality control and a large network of collaborators, which resulted in the establishment of a viable and frozen biobank of more than 100 PDXs, representative for 10 major human cancer types, including melanoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and uterine sarcomas. The models are developed by implanting fresh tissue from primary and metastatic tumors in the interscapular fat pad of immunodeficient host mice and they are all validated and extensively annotated. Moreover, patient’s clinical and demographic information, including patient treatment history and relevant genomic alterations, are available for all the PDXs. For a few selected models, data regarding targeted gene sequencing, copy number variation, transcriptional profiling and response to standard of care therapies are accessible as well.
TRACE is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>.


[TRACE](https://www.uzleuven-kuleuven.be/lki/trace/), a multidisciplinary project focused on the development of Patient-Derived PDXs (PDXs), was set up in 2012 within the [KU Leuven and Leuvens Kanker institute](http://uzleuven-kuleuven.be/lki/en) to provide a more reliable and predictive in vivo oncology model for testing innovative treatment therapies, investigating new and existing pathways and define biomarkers.

TRACE is a robust platform with standardized procedures, a strong quality control and a large network of collaborators, which resulted in the establishment of a viable and frozen biobank of more than 100 PDXs, representative for 10 major human cancer types, including melanoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and uterine sarcomas. The models are developed by implanting fresh tissue from primary and metastatic tumors in the interscapular fat pad of immunodeficient host mice and they are all validated and extensively annotated. Moreover, patient’s clinical and demographic information, including patient treatment history and relevant genomic alterations, are available for all the PDXs. For a few selected models, data regarding targeted gene sequencing, copy number variation, transcriptional profiling and response to standard of care therapies are accessible as well.

TRACE is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html).


Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

The Children's Oncology Group laboratory is located at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Lubbock, TX and is under the direction of C Patrick Reynolds, MD PhD. The Childhood Cancer Repository is generously supported by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation. Support for the animal facilities used by the repository is provided by the Cancer Prevention &#x26; Research Institute of Texas. Support for genomic and biological characterization of cell lines and PDXs in the repository comes from the National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense.
With the exception of legacy cell lines established many years ago, all cell lines and PDXs banked in cccells.org are obtained via clinical protocols (mostly COG) with informed consent/assent. Patient confidentiality is a prime concern and cell lines and PDXs receive designators that enables linkage to key data but not directly to any patient. The one exception to this are those cell lines and PDXs established from patients at post-mortem, which (if requested by the parents) are provided a unique name of the parents' choosing.
The goal of the repository is to provide validated cell lines and PDXs from childhood cancers to all investigators seeking to carry out biological and pre-clinical therapeutic studies of childhood cancer. Every cell line or PDX provided by the repository is validated as to patient of origin by short tandem repeat (STR) assay, and to be free of mycoplasma and EBV. PDXs are validated to be free of a panel of viral pathogens as required by most animal use committees. Cell lines and PDXs are validated to be able to grow continuously and be sub-passable for additional studies. The repository maintains a searchable STR database to facilitate validation of cell line and PDX molecular identity by any investigator. Thus, the repository enables all investigators studying childhood cancer to share the same validated models so that data obtained are robust and can be compared between laboratories.
Read more <a>The Childhood Cancer Repository</a>


The Children's Oncology Group laboratory is located at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Lubbock, TX and is under the direction of C Patrick Reynolds, MD PhD. The Childhood Cancer Repository is generously supported by Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation. Support for the animal facilities used by the repository is provided by the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas. Support for genomic and biological characterization of cell lines and PDXs in the repository comes from the National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense.

With the exception of legacy cell lines established many years ago, all cell lines and PDXs banked in cccells.org are obtained via clinical protocols (mostly COG) with informed consent/assent. Patient confidentiality is a prime concern and cell lines and PDXs receive designators that enables linkage to key data but not directly to any patient. The one exception to this are those cell lines and PDXs established from patients at post-mortem, which (if requested by the parents) are provided a unique name of the parents' choosing.

The goal of the repository is to provide validated cell lines and PDXs from childhood cancers to all investigators seeking to carry out biological and pre-clinical therapeutic studies of childhood cancer. Every cell line or PDX provided by the repository is validated as to patient of origin by short tandem repeat (STR) assay, and to be free of mycoplasma and EBV. PDXs are validated to be free of a panel of viral pathogens as required by most animal use committees. Cell lines and PDXs are validated to be able to grow continuously and be sub-passable for additional studies. The repository maintains a searchable STR database to facilitate validation of cell line and PDX molecular identity by any investigator. Thus, the repository enables all investigators studying childhood cancer to share the same validated models so that data obtained are robust and can be compared between laboratories.
Read more [The Childhood Cancer Repository]([d](https://www.cccells.org/aboutus.php))


University of California - Davis

The particular focus of University of California - Davis is on gastric and liver cancers that disproportionately affect HLAs and AANHPIs as well as all populations of color (Research Project 1), and lung and bladder cancers that have smoking as a common risk factor and share common genetic alterations (Research Project 2).
Achievement of our overall goal will contribute to (a) evaluating potentially efficacious targeted treatments and drug combinations that should be subsequently tested in clinical trials with patients primarily from racial/ethnic minority populations; (b) assessing biological determinants of cancer health disparities; and (c) advancing the ideals of cancer precision medicine.
To achieve this goal, four University of California NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers have joined effort to form the UCaMP (abbreviation for University of California M-PDTC).
Led by UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCDCCC), a center with extensive expertise both in PDX modeling and disparities research, and including UC Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCLA), UC Irvine Health Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (UC Irvine), and UC San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCSF), UCaMP will draw upon their considerable record of nationally prominent accomplishments in PDX/precision cancer medicine including the establishment of more than 650 PDXs from over 20 different primary sites with 15 PDX-related peer-reviewed articles by the contact PI and many members of this application (1-15), NCI-Center for Reducing Cancer Health Disparities funded consortium with their achievements in advancing cancer health disparities (16-47), and access to a minimum of 350 tumors from racial/ethnically diverse Californians. In addition, the contact PI Dr. Pan has already translated PDX studies into the IND (Investigational New Drug) stage and clinical trials through the UCaMP sites using the UC-wide central IRB system (called Reliance) as well as the clinical trial infrastructure.
<a href="https://www.pdxnetwork.org/new-page">... Read more</a>


The particular focus of University of California - Davis is on gastric and liver cancers that disproportionately affect HLAs and AANHPIs as well as all populations of color (Research Project 1), and lung and bladder cancers that have smoking as a common risk factor and share common genetic alterations (Research Project 2). 
Achievement of our overall goal will contribute to (a) evaluating potentially efficacious targeted treatments and drug combinations that should be subsequently tested in clinical trials with patients primarily from racial/ethnic minority populations; (b) assessing biological determinants of cancer health disparities; and (c) advancing the ideals of cancer precision medicine. 

To achieve this goal, four University of California NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers have joined effort to form the UCaMP (abbreviation for University of California M-PDTC). 
Led by UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCDCCC), a center with extensive expertise both in PDX modeling and disparities research, and including UC Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCLA), UC Irvine Health Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (UC Irvine), and UC San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCSF), UCaMP will draw upon their considerable record of nationally prominent accomplishments in PDX/precision cancer medicine including the establishment of more than 650 PDXs from over 20 different primary sites with 15 PDX-related peer-reviewed articles by the contact PI and many members of this application (1-15), NCI-Center for Reducing Cancer Health Disparities funded consortium with their achievements in advancing cancer health disparities (16-47), and access to a minimum of 350 tumors from racial/ethnically diverse Californians. In addition, the contact PI Dr. Pan has already translated PDX studies into the IND (Investigational New Drug) stage and clinical trials through the UCaMP sites using the UC-wide central IRB system (called Reliance) as well as the clinical trial infrastructure. 
[... Read more](https://www.pdxnetwork.org/new-page)


University Medical Center Groningen

Researchers at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands, aim to identify and validate genes/pathways and their relation to targeted drug and chemotherapy responses in ovarian cancer. In addition, interference in genes and pathways are being explored to enhance drug sensitivity.
We have established an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary ovarian cancers covering all different subtypes, coupled with comprehensive molecular annotation including targeted exome sequencing, SNP and methylome analysis. This platform enables discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical trials. <a href="https://www.rug.nl/research/oncology">... Read more</a>
Member of the <a href="https://www.europdx.eu/">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/731105">EDIReX</a>.


Researchers at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands, aim to identify and validate genes/pathways and their relation to targeted drug and chemotherapy responses in ovarian cancer. In addition, interference in genes and pathways are being explored to enhance drug sensitivity.

We have established an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary ovarian cancers covering all different subtypes, coupled with comprehensive molecular annotation including targeted exome sequencing, SNP and methylome analysis. This platform enables discovery of genetic and functional vulnerabilities, which can be targeted in preclinical trials. [... Read more](https://www.rug.nl/research/oncology)

Member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](https://www.europdx.eu/). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/731105).


University Medical Center Utrecht - Clevers Group - Hubrecht Institute

Hans Clevers is Head of pharma Research and Early Development (pRED) of Roche, Basel Switzerland, since March 2022. He was group leader at the Hubrecht Institute from 2002 until March 2022 and currently he is advisor/guest researcher at the Hubrecht Institute.
The Organoid group, previously Clevers group, studies the molecular mechanisms of tissue development and cancer of various organs using organoids made from adult Lgr5 stem cells.
<h3>Tcf as Wnt effector</h3>
In 1991, we reported the cloning of a T cell specific transcription factor that we termed TCF1 (1). Related genes exist in genomes throughout the animal kingdom. We have shown in frogs (4), flies (7) and worms (11) that the TCF proteins constitute the effectors of the canonical Wnt pathway. Upon Wnt signaling, ß-catenin binds and activates nuclear TCFs by providing a trans-activation domain. For these studies, we designed the widely used pTOPFLASH Wnt reporters. In the absence of Wnt signaling, we found that Tcf factors associate with proteins of the Groucho family of transcriptional repressors to repress target gene transcription (9).
<h3>Wnt signaling in cancer</h3>
The tumor suppressor protein APC forms the core of a cytoplasmic complex which binds ß-catenin and targets it for degradation in the proteasome. In APC-deficient colon carcinoma cells, we demonstrated that ß-catenin accumulates and is constitutively complexed with the TCF family member TCF4, providing a molecular explanation for the initiation of colon cancer (5).


Hans Clevers is Head of pharma Research and Early Development (pRED) of Roche, Basel Switzerland, since March 2022. He was group leader at the Hubrecht Institute from 2002 until March 2022 and currently he is advisor/guest researcher at the Hubrecht Institute.

The Organoid group, previously Clevers group, studies the molecular mechanisms of tissue development and cancer of various organs using organoids made from adult Lgr5 stem cells.

### Tcf as Wnt effector
In 1991, we reported the cloning of a T cell specific transcription factor that we termed TCF1 (1). Related genes exist in genomes throughout the animal kingdom. We have shown in frogs (4), flies (7) and worms (11) that the TCF proteins constitute the effectors of the canonical Wnt pathway. Upon Wnt signaling, ß-catenin binds and activates nuclear TCFs by providing a trans-activation domain. For these studies, we designed the widely used pTOPFLASH Wnt reporters. In the absence of Wnt signaling, we found that Tcf factors associate with proteins of the Groucho family of transcriptional repressors to repress target gene transcription (9).

### Wnt signaling in cancer
The tumor suppressor protein APC forms the core of a cytoplasmic complex which binds ß-catenin and targets it for degradation in the proteasome. In APC-deficient colon carcinoma cells, we demonstrated that ß-catenin accumulates and is constitutively complexed with the TCF family member TCF4, providing a molecular explanation for the initiation of colon cancer (5).


Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute

The Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute aims to bring the scientific strengths of Cambridge to bear on practical questions of cancer diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The Institute focuses specifically on the practical application of high-quality basic research.
We have generated a collection of patient-derived tumour PDXs (PDTXs) aiming at having a representation of the breast cancer subtypes. All of these PDTXs are being extensively characterized with whole genome/whole exome sequencing, expression profiling, miRNA profiling and whole genome/reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing.
Importantly for all the models generated we have matched normal DNA, and the originating primary tumour or metastasis where a similar molecular profiling is performed. We have now optimised protocols to derive viable single-cell suspensions from each PDX, which we designate as patient-derived tumour cells (PDTCs). These PDTCs can be used 24 hours after collection for in vitro perturbation (TGFβ exposure, miRNA over-expression, shRNA or RNAi), but crucially also for high-throughput ex vivo drug screening.
In collaboration with the Sanger Institute we have now conducted pilot experiments screening around 100 compounds in 17 distinct PDTCs, establishing proof of principle. Our aim is to correlate the drug responses/resistance with the molecular profiles of the PDTCs/PDTXs and hence identify novel predictive biomarkers for translational use.
We have made publicly available our data on <a href="https://caldaslab.cruk.cam.ac.uk/bcape/">BCaPE</a> following our publication (<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27641504">Bruna et al., Cell 167, 260 - 274 (2016)</a>).
The Breast Cancer PDTX Encyclopaedia (BCaPE) provides tools for visualizing, querying and downloading data from a large collection of highly molecularly annotated breast cancer patient-derived tumour PDXs (PDTX).The biobank was developed by Carlos Caldas' laboratory at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and represents a powerful resource for pre-clinical breast cancer pharmacogenomic studies, including identification of biomarkers of response or resistance.


The Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute aims to bring the scientific strengths of Cambridge to bear on practical questions of cancer diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The Institute focuses specifically on the practical application of high-quality basic research.

We have generated a collection of patient-derived tumour PDXs (PDTXs) aiming at having a representation of the breast cancer subtypes. All of these PDTXs are being extensively characterized with whole genome/whole exome sequencing, expression profiling, miRNA profiling and whole genome/reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing.

Importantly for all the models generated we have matched normal DNA, and the originating primary tumour or metastasis where a similar molecular profiling is performed. We have now optimised protocols to derive viable single-cell suspensions from each PDX, which we designate as patient-derived tumour cells (PDTCs). These PDTCs can be used 24 hours after collection for in vitro perturbation (TGFβ exposure, miRNA over-expression, shRNA or RNAi), but crucially also for high-throughput ex vivo drug screening.

In collaboration with the Sanger Institute we have now conducted pilot experiments screening around 100 compounds in 17 distinct PDTCs, establishing proof of principle. Our aim is to correlate the drug responses/resistance with the molecular profiles of the PDTCs/PDTXs and hence identify novel predictive biomarkers for translational use.

We have made publicly available our data on [BCaPE](https://caldaslab.cruk.cam.ac.uk/bcape/) following our publication ([Bruna et al., Cell 167, 260 - 274 (2016)](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27641504)).

The Breast Cancer PDTX Encyclopaedia (BCaPE) provides tools for visualizing, querying and downloading data from a large collection of highly molecularly annotated breast cancer patient-derived tumour PDXs (PDTX).The biobank was developed by Carlos Caldas' laboratory at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and represents a powerful resource for pre-clinical breast cancer pharmacogenomic studies, including identification of biomarkers of response or resistance.


University of Manchester Breast Centre

Researchers at the University of Manchester use advanced in vitro and in vivo preclinical models to investigate early and metastatic human breast cancer leading to the development of new strategies or targets for prevention of advanced breast cancer.
We have produced an experimental resource of 12 PDXs from primary and metastatic breast tumours that we have shown to maintain histopathological features and genetic profiles of the original patient tumours.
<a href="http://www.breastcentre.manchester.ac.uk/">Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester</a> is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>.


Researchers at the University of Manchester use advanced _in vitro_ and _in vivo_ preclinical models to investigate early and metastatic human breast cancer leading to the development of new strategies or targets for prevention of advanced breast cancer.

We have produced an experimental resource of 12 PDXs from primary and metastatic breast tumours that we have shown to maintain histopathological features and genetic profiles of the original patient tumours.

[Manchester Breast Centre, University of Manchester](http://www.breastcentre.manchester.ac.uk/) is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html).


Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology - Breast cancer

VHIO is a leading comprehensive cancer center of excellence where its scientists and physicians adopt a purely translational research model, working together as multidisciplinary teams to both accelerate and advance personalized and targeted therapies against cancer.
We have generated an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic breast tumours, aiming to tackle drug resistances and find new therapies.
The <a href="http://www.vhio.net/en/">Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology</a> is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>


VHIO is a leading comprehensive cancer center of excellence where its scientists and physicians adopt a purely translational research model, working together as multidisciplinary teams to both accelerate and advance personalized and targeted therapies against cancer.

We have generated an extensive experimental resource of PDXs from primary and metastatic breast tumours, aiming to tackle drug resistances and find new therapies.

The [Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology](http://www.vhio.net/en/) is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html)


Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology - Colorectal cancer

Established in 2006, the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) is a leading comprehensive cancer center of excellence where its scientists and research physicians adopt a purely translational research model, working together as multidisciplinary teams to both accelerate and advance personalized and targeted therapies against cancer. Undertaking one of Spain´s most dynamic cancer research programs, VHIO is dedicated to delivering on the promise of precision medicine in oncology – turning cancer discovery into more effective treatments and better practice for the care of our patients.
<a href="http://www.vhio.net/en/stem-cells-and-cancer-group">The Stem Cells and Cancer Group at VHIO</a> has developed a collection of PDX models derived from primary tumors or liver metastasis. We have also generated clinical trial associated PDXs (CTAX) from patients enrolled in early phase trials with new experimental drugs. Our collection is partially annotated for clinical, mutational and gene expression data.
The <a href="http://www.vhio.net/en/">Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology</a> is a member of the <a href="http://www.europdx.eu">EurOPDX Consortium</a> . EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html">EDIReX</a>.


Established in 2006, the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) is a leading comprehensive cancer center of excellence where its scientists and research physicians adopt a purely translational research model, working together as multidisciplinary teams to both accelerate and advance personalized and targeted therapies against cancer. Undertaking one of Spain´s most dynamic cancer research programs, VHIO is dedicated to delivering on the promise of precision medicine in oncology – turning cancer discovery into more effective treatments and better practice for the care of our patients.

[The Stem Cells and Cancer Group at VHIO](http://www.vhio.net/en/stem-cells-and-cancer-group) has developed a collection of PDX models derived from primary tumors or liver metastasis. We have also generated clinical trial associated PDXs (CTAX) from patients enrolled in early phase trials with new experimental drugs. Our collection is partially annotated for clinical, mutational and gene expression data.

The [Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology](http://www.vhio.net/en/) is a member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](http://www.europdx.eu) . EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589_en.html).


Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology - Pancreatic Cancer

The growth factors laboratory at Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) in Barcelona, Spain, has generated an extensive collection of patient-derived PDX (PDX) of different tumor types with main focus in Breast and Pancreatic Cancer. In addition, we are interested in the development and characterization of immunotherapies for which we have developed a platform for Humanized PDX models (Sci Transl. Med, 2018). These models and the developed expertise in humanized models have shown to be instrumental to contribute to the discovery and characterization of novel factors and mechanisms governing malit progression.
We have generated a resource of >20 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and >15 Cholangiocarcioma PDX models from primary and metastatic sites. Studies on our Pancreatic Cancer models have contributed to characterize resistances to targeted therapies based on Mek inhibition <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/onc2017174">(Pedersen, K. et al Oncogene, 2017)</a>
See more on Growth Factors Group at: <a href="https://www.vhio.net/en/growth-factors-group/">https://www.vhio.net/en/growth-factors-group/</a>.
Member of the <a href="https://www.europdx.eu/">EurOPDX Consortium</a>. EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589/en">EDIReX</a>.

The growth factors laboratory at Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) in Barcelona, Spain, has generated an extensive collection of patient-derived PDX (PDX) of different tumor types with main focus in Breast and Pancreatic Cancer. In addition, we are interested in the development and characterization of immunotherapies for which we have developed a platform for Humanized PDX models (Sci Transl. Med, 2018). These models and the developed expertise in humanized models have shown to be instrumental to contribute to the discovery and characterization of novel factors and mechanisms governing malit progression.

We have generated a resource of >20 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and >15 Cholangiocarcioma PDX models from primary and metastatic sites. Studies on our Pancreatic Cancer models have contributed to characterize resistances to targeted therapies based on Mek inhibition [(Pedersen, K. et al Oncogene, 2017)](https://www.nature.com/articles/onc2017174)

See more on Growth Factors Group at: <https://www.vhio.net/en/growth-factors-group/>.

Member of the [EurOPDX Consortium](https://www.europdx.eu/). EurOPDX is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the grant agreement No. 731105 [EDIReX](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/212589/en).

Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology - Pseudomyxoma peritonei

Héctor G. Palmer’s Stem Cells &#x26; Cancer Group studies the mechanisms that enable tumors to persist by evading effective treatments and progressing to advanced stages of disease.
We study the mechanisms underlying the persistence of cancer cells that enable tumors to evade effective therapies and progress to advanced stages of disease.
Using multi-omics approaches we aim to unravel unexpected alterations linked to tumor and single cell phenotypes. Combining gene editing (CRISPR/Cas) with classical signaling biochemistry in cancer cell lines as well as genetically modified mice, patient-derived organoids (PDO) and xenografts (PDX), our group focuses on the functional relevance of these newly identified alterations in patients’ response to treatment.
We participate in a global and multidisciplinary task force incorporating medical oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, and nurses. We work closely together to rapidly translate laboratory results to the clinic.
<a href="https://vhio.net/pf/stem-cells-cancer-group/">Read more</a>


Héctor G. Palmer’s Stem Cells & Cancer Group studies the mechanisms that enable tumors to persist by evading effective treatments and progressing to advanced stages of disease.

We study the mechanisms underlying the persistence of cancer cells that enable tumors to evade effective therapies and progress to advanced stages of disease.

Using multi-omics approaches we aim to unravel unexpected alterations linked to tumor and single cell phenotypes. Combining gene editing (CRISPR/Cas) with classical signaling biochemistry in cancer cell lines as well as genetically modified mice, patient-derived organoids (PDO) and xenografts (PDX), our group focuses on the functional relevance of these newly identified alterations in patients’ response to treatment.

We participate in a global and multidisciplinary task force incorporating medical oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, and nurses. We work closely together to rapidly translate laboratory results to the clinic.
[Read more](https://vhio.net/pf/stem-cells-cancer-group/)


Weill Cornell Medical College

The <a href="https://eipm.weill.cornell.edu/">Englander Institute for Precision Medicine</a> (EIPM) develops organoids, also known as patient-derived ex-vivo models, used to study disease progression and develop effective drug treatments. These miniature three-dimensional cellular structures are grown from a patient’s tumor sample and are highly useful in studying how different cancers develop, change, and might respond to various treatment options.
For patients with advanced disease, organoids can serve as an ideal platform to enable discoveries of novel therapeutic approaches that can be assessed in clinical trials and provide personalized therapeutic options for individual patients where standard clinical options have been exhausted.
The EIPM has been at the forefront of developing organoid technology that will advance science and speed new treatments to patients.
Our platform is unique because we have advanced the technology to derive organoids from many different types of cancer, unlike many other institutions around the globe.
We now have >250 pan cancer models in our organoid repository at various stages of characterization. Approximately 150 have been characterized via sequencing and/or pathology review and are now available for research use.
These new cell models and associated datasets be shared with the research community to further research in cancer and other diseases. Genomic datasets as well as model and sample information can be found through the following resources Cell Model Passports Database, <a href="https://hcmi-searchable-catalog.nci.nih.gov/">HCMI</a> and <a href="https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/">GDC</a>


The [Englander Institute for Precision Medicine](https://eipm.weill.cornell.edu/) (EIPM) develops organoids, also known as patient-derived ex-vivo models, used to study disease progression and develop effective drug treatments. These miniature three-dimensional cellular structures are grown from a patient’s tumor sample and are highly useful in studying how different cancers develop, change, and might respond to various treatment options.

For patients with advanced disease, organoids can serve as an ideal platform to enable discoveries of novel therapeutic approaches that can be assessed in clinical trials and provide personalized therapeutic options for individual patients where standard clinical options have been exhausted.

The EIPM has been at the forefront of developing organoid technology that will advance science and speed new treatments to patients.

Our platform is unique because we have advanced the technology to derive organoids from many different types of cancer, unlike many other institutions around the globe. 

We now have >250 pan cancer models in our organoid repository at various stages of characterization. Approximately 150 have been characterized via sequencing and/or pathology review and are now available for research use.

These new cell models and associated datasets be shared with the research community to further research in cancer and other diseases. Genomic datasets as well as model and sample information can be found through the following resources Cell Model Passports Database, [HCMI](https://hcmi-searchable-catalog.nci.nih.gov/) and [GDC](https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/)

The Wistar/MD Anderson/Penn

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).
We have banked 457 PDX of melanomas (Krepler et al. Cell Reports 2017, Garman et al. Cell Reports 2017). We observed in melanoma an overall take rate of 87% and tumor growth was achieved with as few as of 100 cells. The ~450 PDX are from patients representing all clinical and histological groups. The high success rate in generating PDX from patients’ tissues was observed for all biologic, genetic and clinical types of the disease except early primary melanomas and primary ocular melanomas. The majority (~180) of PDX are from treatment-naïve patients prior to therapy. On the other hand, we have specimens procured from patients whose tumors progressed on treatment with BRAF inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors plus MEK inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-CTLA-4, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-PD-1, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1, and BRAF inhibitors plus MEK inhibitors plus combinations among checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-CTLA-4 &#x26; anti-PD-1 <a href="https://www.pdxnetwork.org/the-wistarmd-andersonpenn">... Read more</a>.


The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).

We have banked 457 PDX of melanomas (Krepler et al. Cell Reports 2017, Garman et al. Cell Reports 2017). We observed in melanoma an overall take rate of 87% and tumor growth was achieved with as few as of 100 cells. The ~450 PDX are from patients representing all clinical and histological groups. The high success rate in generating PDX from patients’ tissues was observed for all biologic, genetic and clinical types of the disease except early primary melanomas and primary ocular melanomas. The majority (~180) of PDX are from treatment-naïve patients prior to therapy. On the other hand, we have specimens procured from patients whose tumors progressed on treatment with BRAF inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors plus MEK inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-CTLA-4, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-PD-1, BRAF inhibitors plus anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1, and BRAF inhibitors plus MEK inhibitors plus combinations among checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-CTLA-4 & anti-PD-1 [... Read more](https://www.pdxnetwork.org/the-wistarmd-andersonpenn).


Washington University in St. Louis

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).
The overall goal of the WU-PDTC is to exploit the translational potential of PDX models for evaluating the response of various treatments in models with specific molecular characteristics. As PDX models more faithfully reproduce human cancer than cell lines, they can contribute to the ultimate clinical implementation of cancer precision medicine. We have developed a large collection of PDX models across 12 major cancer types, including colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and sarcomas. <a href="https://www.pdxnetwork.org/wustl">... Read more</a>


The National Cancer Institute (NCI) launched the PDX (patient-derived PDXs) Development and Trial Centers Research Network (PDXNet) in September, 2017 to accelerate translational research using PDX datasets. The PDXNet comprises of four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) and the PDX Data Commons and Coordinating Center (PDCCC).

The overall goal of the WU-PDTC is to exploit the translational potential of PDX models for evaluating the response of various treatments in models with specific molecular characteristics. As PDX models more faithfully reproduce human cancer than cell lines, they can contribute to the ultimate clinical implementation of cancer precision medicine. We have developed a large collection of PDX models across 12 major cancer types, including colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and sarcomas. [... Read more](https://www.pdxnetwork.org/wustl)
